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Lab 7 Reproductive System | Portage Learning Anatomy and Physiology 2 BIOD 152 | Latest 2026 Update

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Reproductive System BIOD 152 Portage Learning Anatomy and Physiology Lab Review

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Key Terms
Bi parental system,
● Gamete – sex cells that meet together to form a zygote. Motility and nutrition.
sperm tail has dna and mitochondia
Egg is the largest cell.
● Zygote
● Gonad – primary sex organs, produce gametes
● Testis
● Ovary
● Uterus
● Vagina – allows for conveyance
● Testis – Endocrine (releases cells directly into the bloodstream) + exocrine (releases
cells from series of ducts), produce sex cells, and hormones
● Testosterone – steroid hormone allowing for secondary characteristics and male
reproductive function. Develop inside abdominal cavity and move into scotal sack
through Ilioinguinal canal. 6:15 for disease.
Epididymis is the coiled tube that sits around testes. Sperm is stored for 40 days before
disposal.
Then sperm travels through, the sight where vasectomy is performed.
● Seminiferous Tubules – tightly coiled tubes where sperm production occurs.
(spermatogenic cells).
● Interstitial Cells – produces testosterone
● Inguinal Canal
● Cryptorchidism
● Ductus Deferens (Vas Deferens)
● Urethra – shared with reproductive and urinary systems.
● Seminal Vesicles
● Ejaculatory Duct
● Corpus Cavernosum – 2 side sponges of erectile shaft
● Corpus Spongiosum – where you find urethra.
● Ovary – gonad. Endocrine and exocrine. Produces sex cell (ovum), and endocrine
hormones including Estrogen.
● Ovum
● Estrogen
● Ovarian Follicles – produces sex cell
● Oocyte
● Granulosa Cells – produce estrogen which develops reproductive system and
secondary sex characteristics.




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● Fallopian Tubes – second structure. Extends to uterus.
● Infundibulum – 1st part of fallopian tube. Where fertilization is occurrs. Egg has 24hrs
to be fertilized. Ectopic pregnancy happens when fertilization occurs elsewhere.
● Ampulla – 2nd section. Longest part.
● Isthmus – 3rd part.
● Uterus – muscular, inverted pear shape.
● Fundus – anterior portion
Body- middle largest part
● Cervix – lower part of the uterus
Internal uterine opening – opening into the uterus
External uterine opening – opening into vagina
● Vagina – Birth canal. Thin walls allow for the vagina to stretch during delivery.
● Menstruation
Urinary system – main function is to filter blood.
● Hilum = entrance and exit point of blood vessels and ureter
● Ureter – leads to bladder
● Urethra
● Bladder
The productive system is defined as a sexual reproduction system. What this means is that
there are 2 parents or it is a biparental system, meaning that the offspring receives genes
from 2 parents. The parents produce something called gametes, which are basically sex
cells that meet together to join a fertilized egg or a diode.



The gametes must have 2 properties, one being motility, in 1 being the ability to provide
nutrition, 1 cell cannot provide both of these characteristics because in order to provide
nutrients, a cell must be large and heavy, and therefore cannot really be modal. In the
human system, we have 2 cells, the males, the male sex cell is the sperm, which is very
small, and is very modal. The male sex cell, or the sperm, is the smallest human cell in the
body.



So again, it can be very modal, it consists basically of DNA and some mitochondria in the
tail of the sperm. The excel is the female sex cell, which is a very large and nutrient heavy
cell. It is going to it is defined as the largest human cell and it can be seen with the naked
eye in some cases.




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