BACE FINAL TEST 2026 QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED
A+
◍ Which is a product of agricultural biotechnology?.
Answer: Transgenic crops
◍ Which of the following magnification levels would be best for viewing
bacteria using an oil immersion lens?.
Answer: 1000X
◍ Gram staining can determine which bacterial characteristic?.
Answer: Peptidoglycan content
◍ Why must technicians practice aseptic technique when culturing cells?.
Answer: To ensure they are growing pure cultures of their desired cells.
◍ Which of the following techniques destroys all microorganisms?.
Answer: Sterilization
◍ What is the molecular identity of β-secretase?.
Answer: The molecular identity of β-secretase is the transmembrane aspartic
protease BACE.
◍ What is the role of β-secretase in Alzheimer's disease?.
Answer: β-secretase cleaves the amyloid precursor protein (APP), leading to
the formation of amyloid plaques associated with Alzheimer's disease.
◍ A pH meter electrode measures pH by measuring the relative concentration
of which of the following?.
Answer: Hydrogen ion
◍ Which of the following is typically measured using a spectrophotometer set
at a wavelength of 600 nm?.
, Answer: The concentration of bacteria in a suspension
◍ According to the Beer-Lambert law, which of the following factors does
NOT affect the absorbance of a solution?.
Answer: Temperature of solution
◍ What amino acid varieties are mentioned in the context of β-secretase?.
Answer: 695, 751, and 770 amino acid varieties.
◍ What are the predicted characteristics of β-secretase?.
Answer: It is present in the endomembrane system, functional in an acidic
environment, membrane-associated, and expressed in specific parts of the
brain.
◍ Salt (such as sodium chloride or sodium acetate) is commonly used in
procedures to extract plasmid DN
A. Which of the following best describes the role of the salt?.
Answer: The positively charged sodium ions neutralize the negative charge
on the DNA.
◍ T/F: When using an acrylamide gel for protein electrophoresis, it is best to
use a higher percentage of acrylamide to resolve smaller proteins, while
large proteins are best resolved on low-percent gels..
Answer: True
◍ Staining with Coomassie Blue.
Answer: visualize proteins after PAGE
◍ Adding loading dye to protein samples.
Answer: facilitate loading samples into wells, and to monitoring sample
migration during PAGE
◍ Adding a molecular weight standard to an empty well.
Answer: determine the relative sizes of the samples run on the gel
◍ Adding SDS to the sample buffer and the PAGE running buffer.
Answer: coat the sample proteins with a negative charge, and denature them
◍ A restriction enzyme digestion reaction contains which of the following
, reagents?.
Answer: DNA, Water, Buffer, Restriction Enzyme
◍ A plasmid has three restriction sites for EcoR
I. If the plasmid is treated with EcoR1, how many fragments will be
obtained?.
Answer: 3
◍ What hypothesis did the Citron group test regarding β-secretase?.
Answer: They hypothesized that if cells receive a copy of the β-secretase
cDNA, they will produce more Aβ.
◍ Genetic engineering step 1.
Answer: Isolate gene of interest
◍ Genetic engineering step 2.
Answer: Paste/clone gene of interest into a vector
◍ What cell line was used to screen for β-secretase?.
Answer: The 293T human cell line, which produces Aβ.
◍ Genetic engineering step 3.
Answer: Transform host cells with vector
◍ Genetic engineering step 4.
Answer: Grow recombinant cells
◍ Genetic engineering step 5.
Answer: Purify gene product
◍ Which of the following techniques should be used to amplify specific DNA
sequences?.
Answer: PCR
◍ Step 1 PCR cycle.
Answer: The mixture is heated to denature the double stranded DNA.
◍ What technique was used to measure BACE expression in different tissues?.
Answer: Northern blotting.
, ◍ What did the Western blot analysis reveal about BACE in Alzheimer's
brains?.
Answer: BACE was not up-regulated in the brains of Alzheimer's patients.
◍ What is the significance of the BACE probe in the experiments?.
Answer: The BACE probe is used to detect BACE mRNA levels in various
tissues.
◍ What was the outcome of transfecting cells with BACE?.
Answer: Transfection with BACE resulted in increased β-secretase products
and decreased α APP products.
◍ Step 2 PCR cycle.
Answer: The primers hybridize to the target DNA.
◍ What is the predicted size of BACE as determined by Western blot?.
Answer: 71 kD.
◍ What is the result of antisense inhibition of BACE?.
Answer: It leads to decreased β-secretase processing of APP.
◍ Step 3 PCR cycle.
Answer: DNA polymerase extends the primers to make a copy of the target
DNA.
◍ What does the term 'zymogen' refer to in the context of BACE?.
Answer: It refers to BACE being a precursor that requires activation to
become an active enzyme.
◍ What is the primary advantage of using Escherichia coli for protein
expression studies?.
Answer: It can produce high yields of protein quickly and is easy to
manipulate genetically.
◍ Many biopharmaceuticals must go through a purification process to separate
them from cellular debris, media, and other components used during cell
culture. Which of the following is a commonly used technique to separate
proteins from complex mixtures?.
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED
A+
◍ Which is a product of agricultural biotechnology?.
Answer: Transgenic crops
◍ Which of the following magnification levels would be best for viewing
bacteria using an oil immersion lens?.
Answer: 1000X
◍ Gram staining can determine which bacterial characteristic?.
Answer: Peptidoglycan content
◍ Why must technicians practice aseptic technique when culturing cells?.
Answer: To ensure they are growing pure cultures of their desired cells.
◍ Which of the following techniques destroys all microorganisms?.
Answer: Sterilization
◍ What is the molecular identity of β-secretase?.
Answer: The molecular identity of β-secretase is the transmembrane aspartic
protease BACE.
◍ What is the role of β-secretase in Alzheimer's disease?.
Answer: β-secretase cleaves the amyloid precursor protein (APP), leading to
the formation of amyloid plaques associated with Alzheimer's disease.
◍ A pH meter electrode measures pH by measuring the relative concentration
of which of the following?.
Answer: Hydrogen ion
◍ Which of the following is typically measured using a spectrophotometer set
at a wavelength of 600 nm?.
, Answer: The concentration of bacteria in a suspension
◍ According to the Beer-Lambert law, which of the following factors does
NOT affect the absorbance of a solution?.
Answer: Temperature of solution
◍ What amino acid varieties are mentioned in the context of β-secretase?.
Answer: 695, 751, and 770 amino acid varieties.
◍ What are the predicted characteristics of β-secretase?.
Answer: It is present in the endomembrane system, functional in an acidic
environment, membrane-associated, and expressed in specific parts of the
brain.
◍ Salt (such as sodium chloride or sodium acetate) is commonly used in
procedures to extract plasmid DN
A. Which of the following best describes the role of the salt?.
Answer: The positively charged sodium ions neutralize the negative charge
on the DNA.
◍ T/F: When using an acrylamide gel for protein electrophoresis, it is best to
use a higher percentage of acrylamide to resolve smaller proteins, while
large proteins are best resolved on low-percent gels..
Answer: True
◍ Staining with Coomassie Blue.
Answer: visualize proteins after PAGE
◍ Adding loading dye to protein samples.
Answer: facilitate loading samples into wells, and to monitoring sample
migration during PAGE
◍ Adding a molecular weight standard to an empty well.
Answer: determine the relative sizes of the samples run on the gel
◍ Adding SDS to the sample buffer and the PAGE running buffer.
Answer: coat the sample proteins with a negative charge, and denature them
◍ A restriction enzyme digestion reaction contains which of the following
, reagents?.
Answer: DNA, Water, Buffer, Restriction Enzyme
◍ A plasmid has three restriction sites for EcoR
I. If the plasmid is treated with EcoR1, how many fragments will be
obtained?.
Answer: 3
◍ What hypothesis did the Citron group test regarding β-secretase?.
Answer: They hypothesized that if cells receive a copy of the β-secretase
cDNA, they will produce more Aβ.
◍ Genetic engineering step 1.
Answer: Isolate gene of interest
◍ Genetic engineering step 2.
Answer: Paste/clone gene of interest into a vector
◍ What cell line was used to screen for β-secretase?.
Answer: The 293T human cell line, which produces Aβ.
◍ Genetic engineering step 3.
Answer: Transform host cells with vector
◍ Genetic engineering step 4.
Answer: Grow recombinant cells
◍ Genetic engineering step 5.
Answer: Purify gene product
◍ Which of the following techniques should be used to amplify specific DNA
sequences?.
Answer: PCR
◍ Step 1 PCR cycle.
Answer: The mixture is heated to denature the double stranded DNA.
◍ What technique was used to measure BACE expression in different tissues?.
Answer: Northern blotting.
, ◍ What did the Western blot analysis reveal about BACE in Alzheimer's
brains?.
Answer: BACE was not up-regulated in the brains of Alzheimer's patients.
◍ What is the significance of the BACE probe in the experiments?.
Answer: The BACE probe is used to detect BACE mRNA levels in various
tissues.
◍ What was the outcome of transfecting cells with BACE?.
Answer: Transfection with BACE resulted in increased β-secretase products
and decreased α APP products.
◍ Step 2 PCR cycle.
Answer: The primers hybridize to the target DNA.
◍ What is the predicted size of BACE as determined by Western blot?.
Answer: 71 kD.
◍ What is the result of antisense inhibition of BACE?.
Answer: It leads to decreased β-secretase processing of APP.
◍ Step 3 PCR cycle.
Answer: DNA polymerase extends the primers to make a copy of the target
DNA.
◍ What does the term 'zymogen' refer to in the context of BACE?.
Answer: It refers to BACE being a precursor that requires activation to
become an active enzyme.
◍ What is the primary advantage of using Escherichia coli for protein
expression studies?.
Answer: It can produce high yields of protein quickly and is easy to
manipulate genetically.
◍ Many biopharmaceuticals must go through a purification process to separate
them from cellular debris, media, and other components used during cell
culture. Which of the following is a commonly used technique to separate
proteins from complex mixtures?.
