A & P SEMESTER 1 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+ FOR 2027 ASSURED EXCELL

A & P SEMESTER 1 FINAL EXAM
STUDY GUIDE EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED
A+ FOR 2027 ASSURED EXCELL
• Distinguish between anatomy/physiology - CORRECT ANSWERS-A:Study of
structure(forms) of body parts
• P:Study of the function of those body parts



• Homeostasis & the components of homeostatic mechanisms - CORRECT ANSWERS--
Receptor:Provide info about specific conditions(stimuli) in the internal environment
• -Set point(Control Center):Tells what a particular value should be
• -Effectors:Bring about responses that alter conditions in the internal environment



• Distinguish between positive/negative feedback mechanisms & give an example of each
- CORRECT ANSWERS-Neg:Deviation from set point is corrected(moves in opp or neg
direction) & because the correction reduces that action of the effectors.
• Pos:Process that moves condition away from normal state. Produces unstable conditions



• Example of neg/positive feedback - CORRECT ANSWERS-Neg:
• Stimulus:Room temp drops below set point
• Receptors:Thermostat detects change
• Ctr Cntr:Thermostat detects deviation from set point & signals effector
• Effectors:Heat turns on, AC turns off
• Pos:
• In blood clotting, chemicals that carry out clotting stimulate more clotting, minimizing
bleeding.



• Name the order of elements in a homeostatic control mechanism - CORRECT ANSWERS-
Receptor, control center, effector

,• Distinguish between tissue, organ & organ system - CORRECT ANSWERS-T:Group of
similar cells that perform a specific function
• O:Structure composed of at least 2 types of tissues that perform a specific function
• OS:Organs that function closely together



• Structures/location of Cranial cavity - CORRECT ANSWERS-Brain



• Structures/location of Thoracic cavity - CORRECT ANSWERS-Heart, lungs, pleural &
mediastinum



• Structures/location of Abdominal cavity - CORRECT ANSWERS-Stomach, liver, spleen,
gallbladder, kidneys, urinary, & most small/large intestines



• Structures/location Pelvic cavity - CORRECT ANSWERS-End of large intestines, urinary,
bladder, internal reproductive organs, uterus



• Superior/inferior - CORRECT ANSWERS-Above & below



• Proximal/distal - CORRECT ANSWERS-P:Closer to origin of body part
• D:Farther from origin of body part



• Anterior/posterior - CORRECT ANSWERS-A:(Ventral)Toward the front
• P:(Dorsal)Toward the back



• Medial/lateral - CORRECT ANSWERS-M:Toward or at midline of body
• L:Away from midline of body/toward the side

, • Superficial/deep - CORRECT ANSWERS-S:Near surface
• D:Away from body surface, more internal



• Transversefplanef-ffCORRECTfANSWERS-
(Horizontal)Planefthatfdividesfbodyfintofsuperior/inferior



• Coronalfplanef-ffCORRECTfANSWERS-
(Frontal)Refersftofafplanefthatfdividesfbodyfintofanterior/posteriorfregions



• Dorsalf-ffCORRECTfANSWERS-Nearfthefbackfsurfacefoffthefbody.fCranial/spinalfactivity



• Sagittalfplanef-ffCORRECTfANSWERS-
Lengthwisefplanefthatfdividesfbodyfintofright/leftfportions



• Mid-saggitalf-ffCORRECTfANSWERS-
Sagittalfplanefpassesfalongfmidlinef&fdividesfbodyfintofequalfparts



• Anatomicalfpositionf-ffCORRECTfANSWERS--Bodyferect
• -Feetftogether,ffacingfforward
• -Armsftofsidefw/palmsfforward



• Visceralf-ffCORRECTfANSWERS-Membranefcoversfinternalforgans



• Pleuralf-ffCORRECTfANSWERS-Linesflungs/thoracicfcavity



• Parietalf-ffCORRECTfANSWERS-Membranefattachedftofwallfoffcavity