A&P 1 LECTURE FINAL EXAM
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
FOR 2027 ASSURED EXCELL
1. cell membrane - CORRECT ANSWERS-the barrier of a cell, that separates the
extracellular fluid and the intercellular fluid, and only allows certain materials to go in
and out of the cell
2. passive transport - CORRECT ANSWERS-the process of a particle moving across a
membrane that does not need energy to move, certain compounds lacking a charge (O2,
N2, H2O, and CO2)
3. active transport - CORRECT ANSWERS-the process of moving particles across the
membrane against the concentration gradient with energy, compounds that have a
charge (H+, K+, or Na+) cannot move easily and need help with energy.
4. simple diffusion - CORRECT ANSWERS-a type of passive transport that small non-polar
substances with move down the concentration gradient (high to low)
5. facilitated diffusion - CORRECT ANSWERS-a process of diffusion that takes place with the
help of proteins such as channel proteins (less selective) or carrier proteins (more
selective).
6. osmosis - CORRECT ANSWERS-the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable
membrane, occurs whenever the water concentration differs on the two sides of the
membrane
,7. primary active transport - CORRECT ANSWERS-active transport that uses the energy of
ATP directly, to move against the concentration gradient
8. secondary active transport - CORRECT ANSWERS-form of active transport which does
not use ATP as an energy source; rather, transport is coupled to ion diffusion down a
concentration gradient established by primary active transport.
9. endocytosis - CORRECT ANSWERS-a form of active transport in which materials from
outside the cell come inside the cell through the cell membrane
10. exocytosis - CORRECT ANSWERS-process by which materials inside the cell go outside
through the cell membrane
11. Pinocytosis - CORRECT ANSWERS-a type of endocytosis in which the cell ingests
extracellular fluid and its dissolved solutes.
12. phagocytosis - CORRECT ANSWERS-a type of endocytosis in which a cell engulfs large
particles or whole cells
13. polar - CORRECT ANSWERS-when electrons are shared unequally
14. non-polar - CORRECT ANSWERS-when electrons are shared equally
15. membrane potential - CORRECT ANSWERS-gradient of electrical potential across a cll
membrane. in resting state, all body plasma membranes exhibit a resting membrane
potential
16. transcription - CORRECT ANSWERS-where DNA information is encoded in mRNA
, 17. translation - CORRECT ANSWERS-where the information is carried by mRNA is decoded
and used to assemble polypeptides
18. mRNA (messenger RNA) - CORRECT ANSWERS-the form of RNA where it carries a
transcript of the code to the cytoplasm
19. rRNAf(ribosomalfRNA)f-ffCORRECTfANSWERS-
thefformfoffRNAfthatfformsfthefribosomefsubunitsfthatfprovidefthefsitefoffproteinfsynthesis
20. tRNAf(transferfRNA)f-ffCORRECTfANSWERS-
formfoffRNAfwherefmoleculesfthatfferryfthefaminofacidsftofthefribosomes
21. tripletsf-ffCORRECTfANSWERS-consecutivefsequencefoffthreefnucleotidesfonfaf
22. DNAfmoleculefthat,fwhenftranscribedfintofanfmRNAfcodon,fcorrespondsftofafparticularfam
inofacid
23. codonsf-ffCORRECTfANSWERS-
consecutivefsequencefoffthreefnucleotidesfonfanfmRNAfmoleculefthatfcorrespondsftofafsp
ecificfaminofacid
24. anticodonsf-ffCORRECTfANSWERS-
consecutivefsequencefoffthreefnucleotidesfonfaftRNAfmoleculefthatfisfcomplementaryftofaf
specificfonfanfmRNAfmolecule
25. anatomyf-ffCORRECTfANSWERS-thefstudyfoffthefstructurefoffthefbody
26. physiologyf-ffCORRECTfANSWERS-thefstudyfoffhowfthefbodyfandfitsfpartsfworkforffunction
27. grossfanatomyf-ffCORRECTfANSWERS-structuresfthatfcanfbefexaminedfwithfthefnakedfeye
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
FOR 2027 ASSURED EXCELL
1. cell membrane - CORRECT ANSWERS-the barrier of a cell, that separates the
extracellular fluid and the intercellular fluid, and only allows certain materials to go in
and out of the cell
2. passive transport - CORRECT ANSWERS-the process of a particle moving across a
membrane that does not need energy to move, certain compounds lacking a charge (O2,
N2, H2O, and CO2)
3. active transport - CORRECT ANSWERS-the process of moving particles across the
membrane against the concentration gradient with energy, compounds that have a
charge (H+, K+, or Na+) cannot move easily and need help with energy.
4. simple diffusion - CORRECT ANSWERS-a type of passive transport that small non-polar
substances with move down the concentration gradient (high to low)
5. facilitated diffusion - CORRECT ANSWERS-a process of diffusion that takes place with the
help of proteins such as channel proteins (less selective) or carrier proteins (more
selective).
6. osmosis - CORRECT ANSWERS-the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable
membrane, occurs whenever the water concentration differs on the two sides of the
membrane
,7. primary active transport - CORRECT ANSWERS-active transport that uses the energy of
ATP directly, to move against the concentration gradient
8. secondary active transport - CORRECT ANSWERS-form of active transport which does
not use ATP as an energy source; rather, transport is coupled to ion diffusion down a
concentration gradient established by primary active transport.
9. endocytosis - CORRECT ANSWERS-a form of active transport in which materials from
outside the cell come inside the cell through the cell membrane
10. exocytosis - CORRECT ANSWERS-process by which materials inside the cell go outside
through the cell membrane
11. Pinocytosis - CORRECT ANSWERS-a type of endocytosis in which the cell ingests
extracellular fluid and its dissolved solutes.
12. phagocytosis - CORRECT ANSWERS-a type of endocytosis in which a cell engulfs large
particles or whole cells
13. polar - CORRECT ANSWERS-when electrons are shared unequally
14. non-polar - CORRECT ANSWERS-when electrons are shared equally
15. membrane potential - CORRECT ANSWERS-gradient of electrical potential across a cll
membrane. in resting state, all body plasma membranes exhibit a resting membrane
potential
16. transcription - CORRECT ANSWERS-where DNA information is encoded in mRNA
, 17. translation - CORRECT ANSWERS-where the information is carried by mRNA is decoded
and used to assemble polypeptides
18. mRNA (messenger RNA) - CORRECT ANSWERS-the form of RNA where it carries a
transcript of the code to the cytoplasm
19. rRNAf(ribosomalfRNA)f-ffCORRECTfANSWERS-
thefformfoffRNAfthatfformsfthefribosomefsubunitsfthatfprovidefthefsitefoffproteinfsynthesis
20. tRNAf(transferfRNA)f-ffCORRECTfANSWERS-
formfoffRNAfwherefmoleculesfthatfferryfthefaminofacidsftofthefribosomes
21. tripletsf-ffCORRECTfANSWERS-consecutivefsequencefoffthreefnucleotidesfonfaf
22. DNAfmoleculefthat,fwhenftranscribedfintofanfmRNAfcodon,fcorrespondsftofafparticularfam
inofacid
23. codonsf-ffCORRECTfANSWERS-
consecutivefsequencefoffthreefnucleotidesfonfanfmRNAfmoleculefthatfcorrespondsftofafsp
ecificfaminofacid
24. anticodonsf-ffCORRECTfANSWERS-
consecutivefsequencefoffthreefnucleotidesfonfaftRNAfmoleculefthatfisfcomplementaryftofaf
specificfonfanfmRNAfmolecule
25. anatomyf-ffCORRECTfANSWERS-thefstudyfoffthefstructurefoffthefbody
26. physiologyf-ffCORRECTfANSWERS-thefstudyfoffhowfthefbodyfandfitsfpartsfworkforffunction
27. grossfanatomyf-ffCORRECTfANSWERS-structuresfthatfcanfbefexaminedfwithfthefnakedfeye
