Phonic Awareness - ANSWER identifying and manipulating individual sounds in words-
helps students decode and spell words
EX: what is the first sound in the word cat? /K/
Phonics - ANSWER the sounds that letters make and the letters that are used to repre-
sent sounds
EX: the letter "B" sounds like /b/ in bat
Fluency - ANSWER Able to read smoothly and accurately and with expression.
(you don't have to stop and sound words out)
Vocabulary - ANSWER The set of words a person understands and knows
comprehension - ANSWER Being able to remember and understand what you read and
hear
Five Pillar of Literacy - ANSWER Phonic awareness, Phonics, Fluency, Vocabulary, Compre-
hension
POSSUM - ANSWER Phonology, Orthography, Syntax, Semantics, Understanding, Mor-
phology
Phonology - ANSWER understanding and putting sounds together to make words
EX: What are the sounds in the word BAT? /B/ in ball /ae/ in cat /t/ in top
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, Orthography - ANSWER Knowing how to put letters together to form words.
EX: how is the word spelled? B-A-T
Syntax - ANSWER making sure the words are in the correct order, so the sentence makes
sense
EX: "sat the mat on the cat the" --> The cat sat on the mat
Semantics - ANSWER understanding the different meanings of the word depending on
how you use it
EX: what does the word mean? using the word BANK in riverbank--> you're talking about the
side of the river
Understanding - ANSWER knowing what the word means.
EX: making sense of the information " the sun us hot and bright" you know this means the
sun makes the weather warm
Morphology - ANSWER words made up of smaller parts
EX: what are the word parts- unhappiness
Un- prefix
happy- main part
ness- turns into noun
DOGS - plural
Decoding Skills - ANSWER Ability to sound out new words
EX: CAT- /c/ in cat, /a/ in apple, /t/ in top
comprehension strategies - ANSWER techniques that help you understand and remem-
ber what you read
2
helps students decode and spell words
EX: what is the first sound in the word cat? /K/
Phonics - ANSWER the sounds that letters make and the letters that are used to repre-
sent sounds
EX: the letter "B" sounds like /b/ in bat
Fluency - ANSWER Able to read smoothly and accurately and with expression.
(you don't have to stop and sound words out)
Vocabulary - ANSWER The set of words a person understands and knows
comprehension - ANSWER Being able to remember and understand what you read and
hear
Five Pillar of Literacy - ANSWER Phonic awareness, Phonics, Fluency, Vocabulary, Compre-
hension
POSSUM - ANSWER Phonology, Orthography, Syntax, Semantics, Understanding, Mor-
phology
Phonology - ANSWER understanding and putting sounds together to make words
EX: What are the sounds in the word BAT? /B/ in ball /ae/ in cat /t/ in top
1
, Orthography - ANSWER Knowing how to put letters together to form words.
EX: how is the word spelled? B-A-T
Syntax - ANSWER making sure the words are in the correct order, so the sentence makes
sense
EX: "sat the mat on the cat the" --> The cat sat on the mat
Semantics - ANSWER understanding the different meanings of the word depending on
how you use it
EX: what does the word mean? using the word BANK in riverbank--> you're talking about the
side of the river
Understanding - ANSWER knowing what the word means.
EX: making sense of the information " the sun us hot and bright" you know this means the
sun makes the weather warm
Morphology - ANSWER words made up of smaller parts
EX: what are the word parts- unhappiness
Un- prefix
happy- main part
ness- turns into noun
DOGS - plural
Decoding Skills - ANSWER Ability to sound out new words
EX: CAT- /c/ in cat, /a/ in apple, /t/ in top
comprehension strategies - ANSWER techniques that help you understand and remem-
ber what you read
2
