Cardiovascular System(2026/2027) QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS ACCURATE ACTUAL EXAM WITH FREQUENTLY
TESTED QUESTIONS AND STUDY GUIDE / EXPERT VERIFIED
FOR GUARANTEED PASS/ALREADY GRADED A+
What is the function of the cardiovascular system? - Answer--Transportation
About how much does the heart weigh and what is it's size? - Answer--Less than a
pound and the size of a fist
Mediastinum - Answer--Space between the lungs where the heart lies
Apex - Answer--The pointed end of the heart that rests on the diaphragm (it is
directed toward the left hip)
Base - Answer--Top part of the heart that is broad
Pericardium - Answer--Double-walled sac that the heart sits in and contains serous
fluid between the layers to prevent friction
Pericarditis - Answer--Inflammation of the pericardium that results in the decrease in
the serous fluid
What are the 3 layers of the heart wall? - Answer--1. Epicardium
2. Myocardium
3. Endocardium
Endocardium - Answer--A thin sheet of endothelium that lines the heart chambers, it
is continuous with the linings of the blood vessels (innermost layer of the heart wall)
How many hollow chambers does the heart has? - Answer--4
Atria - Answer--Receiving chambers, blood comes into the heart
Where are the atria located? - Answer--Superior
Ventricles - Answer--Bottom chambers that send out blood
Interatrial or intraventricular septum - Answer--Divides the heart longitudinally
, Which side of the heart receives oxygen-poor blood from the veins? - Answer--The
Right Side
Superior and Inferior Venae Cavae - Answer--The veins that bring in blood from the
upper and lower parts of the body to the heart
Pulmonary Arteries - Answer--Carry blood to the lungs where oxygen is picked up
and carbon dioxide is unloaded. (Takes blood to the lungs)
Pulmonary Vein - Answer--Vein that brings blood back from the lungs to the heart
Aorta - Answer--the largest artery in the body that sends out oxygenated blood to the
body
How many valves are contained within the heart? - Answer--4
What is the purpose of the valves? - Answer--Allows blood to flow in only one
direction through the heart chambers (from the atria through the ventricles)
Where are the Atrioventricula Valves (AV) located? - Answer--Between the atrial and
the ventricular chambers on each side.
What do the AV nodes do? - Answer--They prevent backflow into the atria when the
ventricles contract
What is the left AV node called? - Answer--Bicuspid or mitral valve
How many flaps does the bicuspid valve have? - Answer--2
What is the right AV node called? - Answer--Tricuspid Valve
How many flaps does the tricuspid valve have? - Answer--3
Semilunar valves - Answer--Set of valves that guards the bases of the 2 large
arteries leaving the ventricular chambers
How many leaflets do the semilunar valves have? - Answer--3
Left Aortic - Answer--three half-moon shaped cusps (flaps)
Right Pulmonic - Answer--three half-moon shaped cusps (flaps)
When do the AV valves open? - Answer--During heart relaxation
ANSWERS ACCURATE ACTUAL EXAM WITH FREQUENTLY
TESTED QUESTIONS AND STUDY GUIDE / EXPERT VERIFIED
FOR GUARANTEED PASS/ALREADY GRADED A+
What is the function of the cardiovascular system? - Answer--Transportation
About how much does the heart weigh and what is it's size? - Answer--Less than a
pound and the size of a fist
Mediastinum - Answer--Space between the lungs where the heart lies
Apex - Answer--The pointed end of the heart that rests on the diaphragm (it is
directed toward the left hip)
Base - Answer--Top part of the heart that is broad
Pericardium - Answer--Double-walled sac that the heart sits in and contains serous
fluid between the layers to prevent friction
Pericarditis - Answer--Inflammation of the pericardium that results in the decrease in
the serous fluid
What are the 3 layers of the heart wall? - Answer--1. Epicardium
2. Myocardium
3. Endocardium
Endocardium - Answer--A thin sheet of endothelium that lines the heart chambers, it
is continuous with the linings of the blood vessels (innermost layer of the heart wall)
How many hollow chambers does the heart has? - Answer--4
Atria - Answer--Receiving chambers, blood comes into the heart
Where are the atria located? - Answer--Superior
Ventricles - Answer--Bottom chambers that send out blood
Interatrial or intraventricular septum - Answer--Divides the heart longitudinally
, Which side of the heart receives oxygen-poor blood from the veins? - Answer--The
Right Side
Superior and Inferior Venae Cavae - Answer--The veins that bring in blood from the
upper and lower parts of the body to the heart
Pulmonary Arteries - Answer--Carry blood to the lungs where oxygen is picked up
and carbon dioxide is unloaded. (Takes blood to the lungs)
Pulmonary Vein - Answer--Vein that brings blood back from the lungs to the heart
Aorta - Answer--the largest artery in the body that sends out oxygenated blood to the
body
How many valves are contained within the heart? - Answer--4
What is the purpose of the valves? - Answer--Allows blood to flow in only one
direction through the heart chambers (from the atria through the ventricles)
Where are the Atrioventricula Valves (AV) located? - Answer--Between the atrial and
the ventricular chambers on each side.
What do the AV nodes do? - Answer--They prevent backflow into the atria when the
ventricles contract
What is the left AV node called? - Answer--Bicuspid or mitral valve
How many flaps does the bicuspid valve have? - Answer--2
What is the right AV node called? - Answer--Tricuspid Valve
How many flaps does the tricuspid valve have? - Answer--3
Semilunar valves - Answer--Set of valves that guards the bases of the 2 large
arteries leaving the ventricular chambers
How many leaflets do the semilunar valves have? - Answer--3
Left Aortic - Answer--three half-moon shaped cusps (flaps)
Right Pulmonic - Answer--three half-moon shaped cusps (flaps)
When do the AV valves open? - Answer--During heart relaxation
