FGCU Biology 2- Final Exam (Erdman)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fl6n8t
1. Aristole Scala Naturae- linear system
2. Judeo- Christian The Creator: God made everything
perspective
3. Linnaeus Binomial nomenclature and nested classification system
4. Cuvier fossils in strata- catastrophism
5. Hutton and Lyell gradualism and uniformitarianism- change via cumulative
effect of slow but continuous processes
6. Malthus over production of offspring and the struggle to survive
7. Lamarck first hypothesis on evolution: use and disuse, and inheri-
tance of acquired characteristics
8. decent with mod- passing traits from parent to offspring
ification
9. natural selection the process whereby organisms better adapted to their
environment tend to survive and produce more offspring
(acts on individuals but populations evolve)
10. homology same or similar relation
11. biogeography the branch of biology that deals with the geographical
distribution of plants and animals
12. convergent evo- unrelated or distantly related organisms evolve similar
lution body forms, coloration, organs, and adaptations
13. fossils the remains or impression of a prehistoric organism pre-
served in petrified form or as a mold or cast in rock
14. population group of the same species in given place and time that
can interbreed and produce fertile offspring, smallest unit
of evolution
15. gene pool
, FGCU Biology 2- Final Exam (Erdman)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fl6n8t
consists of all alleles for all loci (specific location of gene
on chromosome) in a population
16. allele frequency measure of relative frequency of an allele on a genetic
locus in a population (usually expressed as percentage)
17. Hardy-Weinberg 1. no mutation
Eqilibrium 2. natural selection not occurring
3. population is large
4. random mating
5. no gene flow
18. Hardy-Weing- p^2+2pq+q^2=1
berg equation p & q= homozygous
2pq= heterozygous
19. mutations random change in nucleotide sequence of DNA that can
be beneficial, neutral, or harmful
20. gene flow transfer between populations
21. genetic drift random changes in gene frequencies of small populations
from generation to generation
22. bottleneck effect population undergoes drastic size reduction as a result of
chance events
23. founder effect a few individuals are isolated from a larger population
24. adaptive evolu- beneficial alleles "sorted" and favored by natural selection
tion
25. stabilizing selec- favors intermediates
tion
26. directional selec- favors single phenotype
tion
, FGCU Biology 2- Final Exam (Erdman)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fl6n8t
27. disruptive selec- favors extremes
tion
28. speciation origin of new species
29. macroevolution evolutionary change at or above species level over long
periods of time
30. microevolution change of allele frequencies in a population over time
31. allopatric specia- gene flow interrupted or reduced when population divided
tion into geographically isolated subpopulations
32. sympatric speci- occurs in geographically overlapping populations
ation
33. adaptive radia- rapid and frequent allopatric speciation following geo-
tion graphic and reproductive isolation
34. pre-zygotic barri- prior to fertilization
ers 1. habitat isolation
2. temporal isolation
3. behavioral isolation
4. mechanical isolation
5. gametic isolation
35. post-zygotic 1. reduced hybrid viability (impaired development or sur-
vival)
2. reduced hybrid fertility (sterile offspring)
3. hybrid breakdown (first generation fertile but later gen-
erations fail)
36. hybrid
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fl6n8t
1. Aristole Scala Naturae- linear system
2. Judeo- Christian The Creator: God made everything
perspective
3. Linnaeus Binomial nomenclature and nested classification system
4. Cuvier fossils in strata- catastrophism
5. Hutton and Lyell gradualism and uniformitarianism- change via cumulative
effect of slow but continuous processes
6. Malthus over production of offspring and the struggle to survive
7. Lamarck first hypothesis on evolution: use and disuse, and inheri-
tance of acquired characteristics
8. decent with mod- passing traits from parent to offspring
ification
9. natural selection the process whereby organisms better adapted to their
environment tend to survive and produce more offspring
(acts on individuals but populations evolve)
10. homology same or similar relation
11. biogeography the branch of biology that deals with the geographical
distribution of plants and animals
12. convergent evo- unrelated or distantly related organisms evolve similar
lution body forms, coloration, organs, and adaptations
13. fossils the remains or impression of a prehistoric organism pre-
served in petrified form or as a mold or cast in rock
14. population group of the same species in given place and time that
can interbreed and produce fertile offspring, smallest unit
of evolution
15. gene pool
, FGCU Biology 2- Final Exam (Erdman)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fl6n8t
consists of all alleles for all loci (specific location of gene
on chromosome) in a population
16. allele frequency measure of relative frequency of an allele on a genetic
locus in a population (usually expressed as percentage)
17. Hardy-Weinberg 1. no mutation
Eqilibrium 2. natural selection not occurring
3. population is large
4. random mating
5. no gene flow
18. Hardy-Weing- p^2+2pq+q^2=1
berg equation p & q= homozygous
2pq= heterozygous
19. mutations random change in nucleotide sequence of DNA that can
be beneficial, neutral, or harmful
20. gene flow transfer between populations
21. genetic drift random changes in gene frequencies of small populations
from generation to generation
22. bottleneck effect population undergoes drastic size reduction as a result of
chance events
23. founder effect a few individuals are isolated from a larger population
24. adaptive evolu- beneficial alleles "sorted" and favored by natural selection
tion
25. stabilizing selec- favors intermediates
tion
26. directional selec- favors single phenotype
tion
, FGCU Biology 2- Final Exam (Erdman)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fl6n8t
27. disruptive selec- favors extremes
tion
28. speciation origin of new species
29. macroevolution evolutionary change at or above species level over long
periods of time
30. microevolution change of allele frequencies in a population over time
31. allopatric specia- gene flow interrupted or reduced when population divided
tion into geographically isolated subpopulations
32. sympatric speci- occurs in geographically overlapping populations
ation
33. adaptive radia- rapid and frequent allopatric speciation following geo-
tion graphic and reproductive isolation
34. pre-zygotic barri- prior to fertilization
ers 1. habitat isolation
2. temporal isolation
3. behavioral isolation
4. mechanical isolation
5. gametic isolation
35. post-zygotic 1. reduced hybrid viability (impaired development or sur-
vival)
2. reduced hybrid fertility (sterile offspring)
3. hybrid breakdown (first generation fertile but later gen-
erations fail)
36. hybrid
