NSG 3600 Pediatrics Exam 2 Study Guide: 100% Verified : Updated A+ Score Solution Guide

INFANT 30- 50 ● ● Narrow airways that are easily occluded → Grunting is a BAD sign Persistent expiratory grunting should be addressed immediately. ○ Expiratiry sound is trying to keep alveoli open ● Obligatory nose-breathers (until 3-4 months), then abdominal breathers. ○ Nasal cannula b/c can not mouth breath ○ **They have to suck, swallow and then breathe. ** ○ This is why when resp 60 feedings are stopped ● Produces little respiratory mucus; coughs usually nonproductive ○ Infants more susceptible to respiratory infections ● Acute sense of smell; mucus membranes are highly vascular. ● Ethmoid & maxillary sinuses present at birth, but frontal & sphenoidal sinuses not fully developed ● Tonsils are absent at birth, but grow more rapidly than any other tissue. ● Trachea is 4mm in diameter ● Bronchioles are little more than a thin layer of muscle; elastic-lined w/ ciliated epithelium.