1 of 33
Definition
heteronormativity is taught during sex education, where children learn
predominately about heterosexual relationships and sexual encounters.
It would be rare for a school to focus on same-sex relationships when
teaching sex education. In addition, the idea that gender and sex are
natural binaries (an aspect of heteronormativity) is also commonly
taught both consciously and unconsciously in schools. For example,
teachers may subtly reinforce binary differences by referring to the
class as "boys and girls", and neglecting the possibility that there could
be transgender people in the class as well.
how does the phrase "boys will be
what are examples of the way
boys" reinforce stereotypes about
masculinity is changing?
masculinity
, How do schools teach
what is the "male gaze" and what
compulsory (mandatory)
theorist created the term?
heteronormativity?
2 of 33
Term
What are the characteristics of an oppositional gaze?
1. Power means physical force and control
2. Occupational achievement
3. Familial patriarchy, in which the man is the breadwinner
4. Symbolized by the frontiersman and the outdoorsman
5. heterosexual
Laura Mulvey came up with this term. The Male gaze is the way the camera, the
audience, and the male character (with whom all spectators -- male and female --
identify) look at women. This gaze reinforces the male as active and the female as
passive. Mulvey posits that cinema not only highlights woman's to-be-looked-at-
ness, but actually builds the way a woman is to be looked at into the film itself (by
audience, camera, and characters in the film itself).
, an oppositional gaze occurs when people critically discuss media content and
the gaze Rather than being a passive recipient of media discourse. The
characteristics of an oppositional gaze include:
1. Considering the perspective from which we look, vigilantly asking ourselves
who do we identify with, whose image do we love
2. Recognizing the degree to which s/he participates in culture,
An institutional focus on media demonstrates that individual choices, even
those deemed the most personal, are influenced by larger social forces. Ex:Do
you wear makeup or not? Do you seek to develop muscles or not? Do you
wear jeans or not?
3. Moving from social critique to political action
4. Being conscious of the way in which contemporary media engage in
the phrase "boys will be boys" is very stereotypical because it assumes that
commodification (the selling of cultural, sexual or gender difference in a way
whenever a boy is acting aggressive, hyper, or doing anything society views as
that supports institutionalized discrimination.)
"manly" it is due to their gender and biological makeup that makes them a boy. It
does not take into account the fact that there are so many other external and
internal factors that could impact the way a boy acts according to the situation they
are in. In addition, if a boy hears the phrase "boys will be boys" it may put them in
danger of a stereotype threat. This is when a person is aware of a stereotype placed
on them, so they begin to internalize it and feel pressured to make that stereotype
true. We must stop using this phrase as it reinforces these gender stereotypes.
3 of 33
Term
Do people's jobs influence the perception and performance of sex and
gender?
, Yes! Gender/sex differences are socially constructed because society, specifically
institutions dictate how people of a particular gender/sex should act, stressing the
idea that men and women are complete opposite of one another.
definitely. The idea of WHO should do work outside the home is
gendered/sexed. For example, it is stereotypical that the man be the one
working outside the home while the woman stays home to do the housework.
Whenever women work outside of the home in a prestigious job they are often
criticized. Many professions are sex-segregated, like nursing or being a police.
Whenever the opposite gender enters a profession where they are not
predominate, they are often judged and it is assumed that they will not be as
good at their jobs. In addition, predominantly male occupations have more
social value in that they are paid more, and have more prestige and
advancement opportunities.
Bell Hooks helps us understand that the simple act of speaking can function as an
act of resistance. She explains that for those who "have been named subordinate,
speaking rejects that naming". Talking back to acts of oppression helps challenge
what has been said and is much more powerful than remaining silent and voiceless.
Talking back as a form of resistance can be healing and help our society grow and
change for the better. Hooks also notes that talking back is very different from
ordinary talk because "it avoids trivializing or romanticizing the process of finding a
voice." It is talk with a purpose and a "political consciousness".
representations of heteronormative family relations is a key feature of popular
contemporary zombie media. Moreover, these modern zombie movie narratives
rely on strong female characters who, despite impressive survival skills, consistently
embody essentialized feminine difference and ultimately choose to return to a
traditional domestic sphere once the crisis is over. Overall, this essay demonstrates
why contemporary zombie media has yet to fulfill its potential to radically reimagine
social relations in transformative ways by instead working to recenter the
heteronormative family as the essential feature of a functioning society.
Definition
heteronormativity is taught during sex education, where children learn
predominately about heterosexual relationships and sexual encounters.
It would be rare for a school to focus on same-sex relationships when
teaching sex education. In addition, the idea that gender and sex are
natural binaries (an aspect of heteronormativity) is also commonly
taught both consciously and unconsciously in schools. For example,
teachers may subtly reinforce binary differences by referring to the
class as "boys and girls", and neglecting the possibility that there could
be transgender people in the class as well.
how does the phrase "boys will be
what are examples of the way
boys" reinforce stereotypes about
masculinity is changing?
masculinity
, How do schools teach
what is the "male gaze" and what
compulsory (mandatory)
theorist created the term?
heteronormativity?
2 of 33
Term
What are the characteristics of an oppositional gaze?
1. Power means physical force and control
2. Occupational achievement
3. Familial patriarchy, in which the man is the breadwinner
4. Symbolized by the frontiersman and the outdoorsman
5. heterosexual
Laura Mulvey came up with this term. The Male gaze is the way the camera, the
audience, and the male character (with whom all spectators -- male and female --
identify) look at women. This gaze reinforces the male as active and the female as
passive. Mulvey posits that cinema not only highlights woman's to-be-looked-at-
ness, but actually builds the way a woman is to be looked at into the film itself (by
audience, camera, and characters in the film itself).
, an oppositional gaze occurs when people critically discuss media content and
the gaze Rather than being a passive recipient of media discourse. The
characteristics of an oppositional gaze include:
1. Considering the perspective from which we look, vigilantly asking ourselves
who do we identify with, whose image do we love
2. Recognizing the degree to which s/he participates in culture,
An institutional focus on media demonstrates that individual choices, even
those deemed the most personal, are influenced by larger social forces. Ex:Do
you wear makeup or not? Do you seek to develop muscles or not? Do you
wear jeans or not?
3. Moving from social critique to political action
4. Being conscious of the way in which contemporary media engage in
the phrase "boys will be boys" is very stereotypical because it assumes that
commodification (the selling of cultural, sexual or gender difference in a way
whenever a boy is acting aggressive, hyper, or doing anything society views as
that supports institutionalized discrimination.)
"manly" it is due to their gender and biological makeup that makes them a boy. It
does not take into account the fact that there are so many other external and
internal factors that could impact the way a boy acts according to the situation they
are in. In addition, if a boy hears the phrase "boys will be boys" it may put them in
danger of a stereotype threat. This is when a person is aware of a stereotype placed
on them, so they begin to internalize it and feel pressured to make that stereotype
true. We must stop using this phrase as it reinforces these gender stereotypes.
3 of 33
Term
Do people's jobs influence the perception and performance of sex and
gender?
, Yes! Gender/sex differences are socially constructed because society, specifically
institutions dictate how people of a particular gender/sex should act, stressing the
idea that men and women are complete opposite of one another.
definitely. The idea of WHO should do work outside the home is
gendered/sexed. For example, it is stereotypical that the man be the one
working outside the home while the woman stays home to do the housework.
Whenever women work outside of the home in a prestigious job they are often
criticized. Many professions are sex-segregated, like nursing or being a police.
Whenever the opposite gender enters a profession where they are not
predominate, they are often judged and it is assumed that they will not be as
good at their jobs. In addition, predominantly male occupations have more
social value in that they are paid more, and have more prestige and
advancement opportunities.
Bell Hooks helps us understand that the simple act of speaking can function as an
act of resistance. She explains that for those who "have been named subordinate,
speaking rejects that naming". Talking back to acts of oppression helps challenge
what has been said and is much more powerful than remaining silent and voiceless.
Talking back as a form of resistance can be healing and help our society grow and
change for the better. Hooks also notes that talking back is very different from
ordinary talk because "it avoids trivializing or romanticizing the process of finding a
voice." It is talk with a purpose and a "political consciousness".
representations of heteronormative family relations is a key feature of popular
contemporary zombie media. Moreover, these modern zombie movie narratives
rely on strong female characters who, despite impressive survival skills, consistently
embody essentialized feminine difference and ultimately choose to return to a
traditional domestic sphere once the crisis is over. Overall, this essay demonstrates
why contemporary zombie media has yet to fulfill its potential to radically reimagine
social relations in transformative ways by instead working to recenter the
heteronormative family as the essential feature of a functioning society.
