INTRODUCTION TO CRIMINOLOGY – UNDERSTANDING CRIME
& CRIMINOLOGY CHAPTERS 1–2 | COMPREHENSIVE STUDY
GUIDE, KEY TERMS, CRIME THEORIES, EXAM PREP & PRACTICE
QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
28. THE ACADEMIC DISCIPLINE OF CRIMINOLOGY USES SCIENTIFIC METHODS TO STUDY
THE__________ OF CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR.
A. NATURE, EXTENT, CAUSE, AND CONTROL
B. HISTORY, ECONOMICS, AND CONTROL
C. PREVALENCE, PLACEMENT, AND REDUCTION
D. ECONOMICS, POLITICS, AND POLICIES
ANSWER: A
29. MARVIN WOLFGANG'S 1958 STUDY PATTERNS IN CRIMINAL HOMICIDE IS AN EXAMPLE OF
WHICH SUBAREA OF THE CRIMINOLOGICAL ENTERPRISE?
A. DEVELOPING THEORIES OF CRIME CAUSATION
B. UNDERSTANDING AND DESCRIBING CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR
C. CRIMINAL STATISTICS/CRIME MEASUREMENT
D. SOCIOLOGY OF LAW
ANSWER: B
30. GATHERING VALID CRIME DATA, DEVISING NEW RESEARCH METHODS, AND MEASURING
CRIME PATTERNS AND TRENDS FALL UNDER THE ______ SUBAREA OF THE CRIMINOLOGICAL
ENTERPRISE.
A. VICTIMOLOGY
,B. PENOLOGY/SENTENCING/CORRECTIONS
C. THEORY CONSTRUCTION
D. CRIMINAL STATISTICS/CRIME MEASUREMENT
ANSWER: D
31. CRIMINOLOGISTS INTERESTED IN COMPUTING CRIMINAL STATISTICS FOCUS ON CREATING
________ MEASUREMENTS OF CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR.
A. TACTICAL AND STRATEGIC
B. VALID AND RELIABLE
C. LEGAL AND POSITIVIST
D. CURRENT AND APPLICABLE
ANSWER: B
32. CAESAR BECCARIA, IN THE 1700S, WAS ONE OF THE FIRST SCHOLARS TO DEVELOP A
SYSTEMATIC UNDERSTANDING OF WHY PEOPLE COMMIT CRIME. BECCARIA HELPED TO FORM
THE CORE OF WHAT TODAY IS REFERRED TO AS ______________ CRIMINOLOGY.
A. DETERMINISM
B. CLASSICAL
C. POSITIVISM
D. MARXISM
ANSWER: B
,33. "LET THE PUNISHMENT FIT THE CRIME" REFERS TO WHICH CRIMINOLOGICAL SCHOOL OF
THOUGHT?
A. POSITIVIST CRIMINOLOGY
B. DEVELOPMENTAL CRIMINOLOGY
C. CLASSICAL CRIMINOLOGY
D. SOCIOLOGICAL CRIMINOLOGY
ANSWER: C
34. THE MAN WHO WAS CONSIDERED THE "FATHER OF CRIMINOLOGY" AND WHO REFERRED
TO OFFENDERS AS "BORN CRIMINALS" WAS
A. CESARE LOMBROSO
B. KEITH BELL
C. EMILE DURKHEIM
D. JEREMY BENTHAM
ANSWER: A
35. INDIVIDUALS INTERACT WITH VARIOUS PEOPLE, ORGANIZATIONS, INSTITUTIONS, AND
SOCIAL NORMS AS THEY MATURE AND DEVELOP. THIS PROCESS IS REFERRED TO AS ______.
A. INTEGRATION
B. SOCIALIZATION
C. ASSIMILATION
D. CIVILIZATION
ANSWER: B
, 36. THE ______ WAS A GROUP OF URBAN SOCIOLOGISTS WHO EXAMINED HOW
NEIGHBORHOOD CONDITIONS, SUCH AS POVERTY LEVELS, INFLUENCED CRIME RATES. THEIR
SOCIOLOGICAL VISION TRANSFORMED INTO SOCIAL STRUCTURE THEORY.
A. PHILADELPHIA SCHOOL
B. SEATTLE SCHOOL
C. CHICAGO SCHOOL
D. NEW YORK SCHOOL
ANSWER: C
37. THE WRITINGS OF KARL MARX HAVE HAD A GREAT IMPACT ON _________ CRIMINOLOGY,
WHICH FAULTS THE ECONOMIC SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING THE CONDITIONS THAT LEAD TO HIGH
CRIME RATES.
A. CLASSICAL
B. POSITIVIST
C. DEVELOPMENTAL
D. CRITICAL
ANSWER: D
38. ACCORDING TO THE STRUCTURAL PERSPECTIVE, CRIME RATES ARE A FUNCTION OF _____
FORCES, SUCH AS NEIGHBORHOOD CONDITIONS, CULTURAL FACTORS, AND NORM CONFLICT.
A. SITUATIONAL
B. INTERNAL
C. POLITICAL
D. ECOLOGICAL
& CRIMINOLOGY CHAPTERS 1–2 | COMPREHENSIVE STUDY
GUIDE, KEY TERMS, CRIME THEORIES, EXAM PREP & PRACTICE
QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
28. THE ACADEMIC DISCIPLINE OF CRIMINOLOGY USES SCIENTIFIC METHODS TO STUDY
THE__________ OF CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR.
A. NATURE, EXTENT, CAUSE, AND CONTROL
B. HISTORY, ECONOMICS, AND CONTROL
C. PREVALENCE, PLACEMENT, AND REDUCTION
D. ECONOMICS, POLITICS, AND POLICIES
ANSWER: A
29. MARVIN WOLFGANG'S 1958 STUDY PATTERNS IN CRIMINAL HOMICIDE IS AN EXAMPLE OF
WHICH SUBAREA OF THE CRIMINOLOGICAL ENTERPRISE?
A. DEVELOPING THEORIES OF CRIME CAUSATION
B. UNDERSTANDING AND DESCRIBING CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR
C. CRIMINAL STATISTICS/CRIME MEASUREMENT
D. SOCIOLOGY OF LAW
ANSWER: B
30. GATHERING VALID CRIME DATA, DEVISING NEW RESEARCH METHODS, AND MEASURING
CRIME PATTERNS AND TRENDS FALL UNDER THE ______ SUBAREA OF THE CRIMINOLOGICAL
ENTERPRISE.
A. VICTIMOLOGY
,B. PENOLOGY/SENTENCING/CORRECTIONS
C. THEORY CONSTRUCTION
D. CRIMINAL STATISTICS/CRIME MEASUREMENT
ANSWER: D
31. CRIMINOLOGISTS INTERESTED IN COMPUTING CRIMINAL STATISTICS FOCUS ON CREATING
________ MEASUREMENTS OF CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR.
A. TACTICAL AND STRATEGIC
B. VALID AND RELIABLE
C. LEGAL AND POSITIVIST
D. CURRENT AND APPLICABLE
ANSWER: B
32. CAESAR BECCARIA, IN THE 1700S, WAS ONE OF THE FIRST SCHOLARS TO DEVELOP A
SYSTEMATIC UNDERSTANDING OF WHY PEOPLE COMMIT CRIME. BECCARIA HELPED TO FORM
THE CORE OF WHAT TODAY IS REFERRED TO AS ______________ CRIMINOLOGY.
A. DETERMINISM
B. CLASSICAL
C. POSITIVISM
D. MARXISM
ANSWER: B
,33. "LET THE PUNISHMENT FIT THE CRIME" REFERS TO WHICH CRIMINOLOGICAL SCHOOL OF
THOUGHT?
A. POSITIVIST CRIMINOLOGY
B. DEVELOPMENTAL CRIMINOLOGY
C. CLASSICAL CRIMINOLOGY
D. SOCIOLOGICAL CRIMINOLOGY
ANSWER: C
34. THE MAN WHO WAS CONSIDERED THE "FATHER OF CRIMINOLOGY" AND WHO REFERRED
TO OFFENDERS AS "BORN CRIMINALS" WAS
A. CESARE LOMBROSO
B. KEITH BELL
C. EMILE DURKHEIM
D. JEREMY BENTHAM
ANSWER: A
35. INDIVIDUALS INTERACT WITH VARIOUS PEOPLE, ORGANIZATIONS, INSTITUTIONS, AND
SOCIAL NORMS AS THEY MATURE AND DEVELOP. THIS PROCESS IS REFERRED TO AS ______.
A. INTEGRATION
B. SOCIALIZATION
C. ASSIMILATION
D. CIVILIZATION
ANSWER: B
, 36. THE ______ WAS A GROUP OF URBAN SOCIOLOGISTS WHO EXAMINED HOW
NEIGHBORHOOD CONDITIONS, SUCH AS POVERTY LEVELS, INFLUENCED CRIME RATES. THEIR
SOCIOLOGICAL VISION TRANSFORMED INTO SOCIAL STRUCTURE THEORY.
A. PHILADELPHIA SCHOOL
B. SEATTLE SCHOOL
C. CHICAGO SCHOOL
D. NEW YORK SCHOOL
ANSWER: C
37. THE WRITINGS OF KARL MARX HAVE HAD A GREAT IMPACT ON _________ CRIMINOLOGY,
WHICH FAULTS THE ECONOMIC SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING THE CONDITIONS THAT LEAD TO HIGH
CRIME RATES.
A. CLASSICAL
B. POSITIVIST
C. DEVELOPMENTAL
D. CRITICAL
ANSWER: D
38. ACCORDING TO THE STRUCTURAL PERSPECTIVE, CRIME RATES ARE A FUNCTION OF _____
FORCES, SUCH AS NEIGHBORHOOD CONDITIONS, CULTURAL FACTORS, AND NORM CONFLICT.
A. SITUATIONAL
B. INTERNAL
C. POLITICAL
D. ECOLOGICAL
