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Antibiotics and Anti-Infectives Nursing Exam
Questions And Answers With Verified Rationales
2026/27 Qs & Ans | Digital Pdf Download
1. Which medication classification is used to treat bacterial infections?
A. Antivirals
B. Antifungals
C. Antibiotics
D. Antipyretics
Answer: C. Antibiotics
Rationale: Antibiotics are medications specifically designed to treat
bacterial infections.
2. A nurse should instruct a client taking antibiotics to:
A. Stop the medication when symptoms improve
B. Skip doses if nausea occurs
C. Complete the full course of therapy
D. Double the next dose if one is missed
Answer: C. Complete the full course of therapy
Rationale: Completing antibiotic therapy prevents bacterial resistance and
recurrence of infection.
1
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3. Which assessment finding may indicate an allergic reaction to penicillin?
A. Constipation
B. Rash and wheezing
C. Increased appetite
D. Bradycardia
Answer: B. Rash and wheezing
Rationale: Rash, wheezing, and difficulty breathing are signs of allergic
reactions.
4. Which laboratory value should be monitored in clients receiving
aminoglycosides?
A. Liver enzymes
B. Renal function tests
C. Blood glucose
D. Hemoglobin A1C
Answer: B. Renal function tests
Rationale: Aminoglycosides can cause nephrotoxicity, requiring kidney
monitoring.
5. Which medication is classified as an antifungal?
A. Acyclovir
B. Ciprofloxacin
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C. Fluconazole
D. Amoxicillin
Answer: C. Fluconazole
Rationale: Fluconazole is used to treat fungal infections.
6. A client taking tetracycline should avoid:
A. Water intake
B. Dairy products near dosing time
C. Rest periods
D. Green vegetables
Answer: B. Dairy products near dosing time
Rationale: Calcium in dairy products reduces tetracycline absorption.
7. Which medication is commonly used to treat viral infections?
A. Acyclovir
B. Penicillin
C. Vancomycin
D. Fluconazole
Answer: A. Acyclovir
Rationale: Acyclovir is an antiviral medication used for herpes virus
infections.
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8. Which symptom may indicate superinfection during antibiotic therapy?
A. Oral thrush
B. Mild fatigue
C. Headache
D. Bradycardia
Answer: A. Oral thrush
Rationale: Antibiotics may disrupt normal flora and cause fungal
overgrowth such as thrush.
9. Which antibiotic is associated with ototoxicity?
A. Gentamicin
B. Penicillin
C. Cephalexin
D. Azithromycin
Answer: A. Gentamicin
Rationale: Aminoglycosides such as gentamicin can damage the auditory
nerve.
10. A nurse should instruct a client taking metronidazole to avoid:
A. Dairy products
B. Alcohol
4
Antibiotics and Anti-Infectives Nursing Exam
Questions And Answers With Verified Rationales
2026/27 Qs & Ans | Digital Pdf Download
1. Which medication classification is used to treat bacterial infections?
A. Antivirals
B. Antifungals
C. Antibiotics
D. Antipyretics
Answer: C. Antibiotics
Rationale: Antibiotics are medications specifically designed to treat
bacterial infections.
2. A nurse should instruct a client taking antibiotics to:
A. Stop the medication when symptoms improve
B. Skip doses if nausea occurs
C. Complete the full course of therapy
D. Double the next dose if one is missed
Answer: C. Complete the full course of therapy
Rationale: Completing antibiotic therapy prevents bacterial resistance and
recurrence of infection.
1
, © 2026 Copy Right Reserved.
3. Which assessment finding may indicate an allergic reaction to penicillin?
A. Constipation
B. Rash and wheezing
C. Increased appetite
D. Bradycardia
Answer: B. Rash and wheezing
Rationale: Rash, wheezing, and difficulty breathing are signs of allergic
reactions.
4. Which laboratory value should be monitored in clients receiving
aminoglycosides?
A. Liver enzymes
B. Renal function tests
C. Blood glucose
D. Hemoglobin A1C
Answer: B. Renal function tests
Rationale: Aminoglycosides can cause nephrotoxicity, requiring kidney
monitoring.
5. Which medication is classified as an antifungal?
A. Acyclovir
B. Ciprofloxacin
2
, © 2026 Copy Right Reserved.
C. Fluconazole
D. Amoxicillin
Answer: C. Fluconazole
Rationale: Fluconazole is used to treat fungal infections.
6. A client taking tetracycline should avoid:
A. Water intake
B. Dairy products near dosing time
C. Rest periods
D. Green vegetables
Answer: B. Dairy products near dosing time
Rationale: Calcium in dairy products reduces tetracycline absorption.
7. Which medication is commonly used to treat viral infections?
A. Acyclovir
B. Penicillin
C. Vancomycin
D. Fluconazole
Answer: A. Acyclovir
Rationale: Acyclovir is an antiviral medication used for herpes virus
infections.
3
, © 2026 Copy Right Reserved.
8. Which symptom may indicate superinfection during antibiotic therapy?
A. Oral thrush
B. Mild fatigue
C. Headache
D. Bradycardia
Answer: A. Oral thrush
Rationale: Antibiotics may disrupt normal flora and cause fungal
overgrowth such as thrush.
9. Which antibiotic is associated with ototoxicity?
A. Gentamicin
B. Penicillin
C. Cephalexin
D. Azithromycin
Answer: A. Gentamicin
Rationale: Aminoglycosides such as gentamicin can damage the auditory
nerve.
10. A nurse should instruct a client taking metronidazole to avoid:
A. Dairy products
B. Alcohol
4
