NURS 310 - FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS
What serum marker (lab value) indicates malnutrition? - Answers - Pre-albumin
What are the risk factors for malnutrition? (4): - Answers - - Pain
- Altered Mental Status
- Socioeconomic Status
- Loneliness
Define Obesity: - Answers - when body weight exceeds ideal weight by 20%
Is obesity a major risk factor for malnutrition? - Answers - YES
What are the s/s of dysphagia? (6): - Answers - - Difficulty swallowing
- Choking/coughing during meals
- Retention/Pocketing of food
- The sensation of food "getting stuck"
- Sudden onset of fever
- Recurrent Pneumonia
What is the nursing priority for patients with dysphagia? - Answers - - Assess for airway
and breathing
- Ensure that the patient is breathing!
What is included in the nursing management for patients with dysphagia? (5): - Answers
- - Sit upright during meals
- Take small bites
- Add thickener to fluids
- Puree foods
- Evaluation by speech and occupational therapy
What are the complications of GERD? (5): - Answers - - Dysphagia
- Esophagitis
- Chest pain that mimics MI or Angina
- Bleeding (anemia)
- Weight loss
What is included in the management of diverticular disease? (2): - Answers - - Prevent
constipation
- High fiber, low fat diet
What is the treatment for diverticulitis? - Answers - Outpatient treatment with
medications such as antibiotics and bulk-forming laxatives
, What are the s/s of complicated diverticulitis? (4): - Answers - - Abscess
- Bleeding
- Perforation
- Peritonitis
When screening for colon cancer, what should the nurse ask the patient about? -
Answers - Ask if the patient has a history of Polyps.
What TYPE of illness is influenza? - Answers - A contagious, viral, respiratory illness
Describe the strains of Influenza... - Answers - Influenza A, B, and C are highly
unpredictable, easily mutate, and in some cases can be severe
How long is the incubation period for Influenza? - Answers - 1 - 4 days
Who is at increased risk of Influenza? (5): - Answers - - Elders
- Young children
- Pregnant women
- People with chronic medical conditions
- Healthcare workers
What is the most common form of bacterial infection from aspiration? - Answers -
Aspiration Pneumonia
Who is at increased risk of aspiration pneumonia? (4): - Answers - - Dysphagia
- Altered Mental Status
- Diminished Cough Reflex
- Tube Feeding
What is the biggest risk factor for COPD? - Answers - Smoking (accounts for 80-90% of
COPD cases)
Describe COPD: - Answers - Persistent and progressive airflow obstruction that is not
fully reversible
COPD is a combination of what two diseases? - Answers - Emphysema + Chronic
Bronchitis
What is emphysema? (3): - Answers - - Abnormal distention of air spaces beyond the
terminal bronchioles WITH destruction of the alveoli
- "dead space" and impaired O2 diffusion
- Increased pulmonary resistance and pressures
How to effectively prevent chronic bronchitis? (4): - Answers - - Smoking cessation
- Healthy lifestyle
ANSWERS
What serum marker (lab value) indicates malnutrition? - Answers - Pre-albumin
What are the risk factors for malnutrition? (4): - Answers - - Pain
- Altered Mental Status
- Socioeconomic Status
- Loneliness
Define Obesity: - Answers - when body weight exceeds ideal weight by 20%
Is obesity a major risk factor for malnutrition? - Answers - YES
What are the s/s of dysphagia? (6): - Answers - - Difficulty swallowing
- Choking/coughing during meals
- Retention/Pocketing of food
- The sensation of food "getting stuck"
- Sudden onset of fever
- Recurrent Pneumonia
What is the nursing priority for patients with dysphagia? - Answers - - Assess for airway
and breathing
- Ensure that the patient is breathing!
What is included in the nursing management for patients with dysphagia? (5): - Answers
- - Sit upright during meals
- Take small bites
- Add thickener to fluids
- Puree foods
- Evaluation by speech and occupational therapy
What are the complications of GERD? (5): - Answers - - Dysphagia
- Esophagitis
- Chest pain that mimics MI or Angina
- Bleeding (anemia)
- Weight loss
What is included in the management of diverticular disease? (2): - Answers - - Prevent
constipation
- High fiber, low fat diet
What is the treatment for diverticulitis? - Answers - Outpatient treatment with
medications such as antibiotics and bulk-forming laxatives
, What are the s/s of complicated diverticulitis? (4): - Answers - - Abscess
- Bleeding
- Perforation
- Peritonitis
When screening for colon cancer, what should the nurse ask the patient about? -
Answers - Ask if the patient has a history of Polyps.
What TYPE of illness is influenza? - Answers - A contagious, viral, respiratory illness
Describe the strains of Influenza... - Answers - Influenza A, B, and C are highly
unpredictable, easily mutate, and in some cases can be severe
How long is the incubation period for Influenza? - Answers - 1 - 4 days
Who is at increased risk of Influenza? (5): - Answers - - Elders
- Young children
- Pregnant women
- People with chronic medical conditions
- Healthcare workers
What is the most common form of bacterial infection from aspiration? - Answers -
Aspiration Pneumonia
Who is at increased risk of aspiration pneumonia? (4): - Answers - - Dysphagia
- Altered Mental Status
- Diminished Cough Reflex
- Tube Feeding
What is the biggest risk factor for COPD? - Answers - Smoking (accounts for 80-90% of
COPD cases)
Describe COPD: - Answers - Persistent and progressive airflow obstruction that is not
fully reversible
COPD is a combination of what two diseases? - Answers - Emphysema + Chronic
Bronchitis
What is emphysema? (3): - Answers - - Abnormal distention of air spaces beyond the
terminal bronchioles WITH destruction of the alveoli
- "dead space" and impaired O2 diffusion
- Increased pulmonary resistance and pressures
How to effectively prevent chronic bronchitis? (4): - Answers - - Smoking cessation
- Healthy lifestyle
