NASM CPT FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
Questions and Answers
1. Proprioception: The body's ability to sense the relative position of adjacent parts of the body
Ex: when walking our feet give us proprioception about the type of surface we are on.
2. Mechanoreceptors: specialized structures that recognize pressure in tissue and transmit
signals to sensory nerves.
3. Muscle Spindles: sensory receptors in the muscles that are parallel to the muscle fibers and are
sensitive to change in muscle length. Spindles stretch with muscle and sends information to CNS.
helps to prevent muscles from stretching too far or too fast
4. Golgi Tendon Organs: sensory receptors that are located at the point where the skeletal
muscle fibers insert into the tendon. Sensitive to change in tension at the rate of change
causes the muscle to relax
5. Epimysium: connective tissue UNDER fascia that acts as an outer layer of the whole muscle
6. Perimysium: connective tissue acts as an outer layer of fascicles
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,7. Endomysium: between the individual muscle fibers
8. Type 1 Muscle Fiber: "slow-twitch", smaller in size, lessforce produced, long-term contractions
(stabiliza-
tion)
9. Type 2 Muscle Fiber: fast twitch, larger, quick to fatigue, force and power exercises
10. Agonist: PRIME MOVER, main muscles
ex: chest press-> pectoralis major
11. Synergist: ASSIST PRIME MOVER,
ex: chest press -> ant deltoid, triceps
12. Stabilizer: stabilizes while prime mover and
assist work. chest press -> rotator cuff
13. Antagonist: Oppose
Prime mover, chest press ->
posterior delt
14. Right Atrium: gather DEOXGENATED blood returning to the heart from ENTIRE BODY
15. Left Atrium: gathers OXYGENATED blood coming from the LUNGS
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, 16. Right Ventricle: thin walls pumps under low pressure. Pumps to lungs
17. Left Ventricle: thick walls, pumps under high pressure to rest of body
18. Metabolism: all of the chemical reactions that happen in our body to maintain itself.
Nutrients are acquired, transported and used by the body.
19. Exercise Metabolism: bioenergetics as it relates to the unique physiologic changes
and demands on body during exercise
20. Substrates: where enzymes act
21. Carbohydrates: Sugars, starches, and fiber. Provide the body with a source of fuel and
energy required for
all daily activities
22. Glucose: a simple sugar that comes from the digestion of carbs that is transported through
the blood and is used or stored as energy
23. Glycogen: the stored form of carbs, when needed it converts to glucose and used
24. Fat: a secondary source of energy
25. Trigylcerides: come from fats, when calories are consumed but not used they are converted
and stored in
fat cells
26. Protein: Amino acids that build and repair body tissues and structures. A third energy
source, usually not until starvation.
Recommended 0.8 g per day Adults, 1.2-1.7 per day strength athletes, 1.2-1.4
endurance athletes 1 g = 4 calories
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Questions and Answers
1. Proprioception: The body's ability to sense the relative position of adjacent parts of the body
Ex: when walking our feet give us proprioception about the type of surface we are on.
2. Mechanoreceptors: specialized structures that recognize pressure in tissue and transmit
signals to sensory nerves.
3. Muscle Spindles: sensory receptors in the muscles that are parallel to the muscle fibers and are
sensitive to change in muscle length. Spindles stretch with muscle and sends information to CNS.
helps to prevent muscles from stretching too far or too fast
4. Golgi Tendon Organs: sensory receptors that are located at the point where the skeletal
muscle fibers insert into the tendon. Sensitive to change in tension at the rate of change
causes the muscle to relax
5. Epimysium: connective tissue UNDER fascia that acts as an outer layer of the whole muscle
6. Perimysium: connective tissue acts as an outer layer of fascicles
1/
16
,7. Endomysium: between the individual muscle fibers
8. Type 1 Muscle Fiber: "slow-twitch", smaller in size, lessforce produced, long-term contractions
(stabiliza-
tion)
9. Type 2 Muscle Fiber: fast twitch, larger, quick to fatigue, force and power exercises
10. Agonist: PRIME MOVER, main muscles
ex: chest press-> pectoralis major
11. Synergist: ASSIST PRIME MOVER,
ex: chest press -> ant deltoid, triceps
12. Stabilizer: stabilizes while prime mover and
assist work. chest press -> rotator cuff
13. Antagonist: Oppose
Prime mover, chest press ->
posterior delt
14. Right Atrium: gather DEOXGENATED blood returning to the heart from ENTIRE BODY
15. Left Atrium: gathers OXYGENATED blood coming from the LUNGS
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16
, 16. Right Ventricle: thin walls pumps under low pressure. Pumps to lungs
17. Left Ventricle: thick walls, pumps under high pressure to rest of body
18. Metabolism: all of the chemical reactions that happen in our body to maintain itself.
Nutrients are acquired, transported and used by the body.
19. Exercise Metabolism: bioenergetics as it relates to the unique physiologic changes
and demands on body during exercise
20. Substrates: where enzymes act
21. Carbohydrates: Sugars, starches, and fiber. Provide the body with a source of fuel and
energy required for
all daily activities
22. Glucose: a simple sugar that comes from the digestion of carbs that is transported through
the blood and is used or stored as energy
23. Glycogen: the stored form of carbs, when needed it converts to glucose and used
24. Fat: a secondary source of energy
25. Trigylcerides: come from fats, when calories are consumed but not used they are converted
and stored in
fat cells
26. Protein: Amino acids that build and repair body tissues and structures. A third energy
source, usually not until starvation.
Recommended 0.8 g per day Adults, 1.2-1.7 per day strength athletes, 1.2-1.4
endurance athletes 1 g = 4 calories
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16
