Renal Physiology Test Acid-Base & Electrolyte Balance Review Questions & Answers.pdf

5/24/26, 6:45 PM Renal - Acid/Base — Test




Renal Physiology Test Acid-Base
& Electrolyte Balance Review
Questions & Answers




Incorrect Skipped 0 Correct




https://www.q&a.com/test/renal-acid-base-7592600/test 1/33

,5/24/26, 6:45 PM Renal - Acid/Base — Test



QUESTION


Buffers in the body (1 major, 3 minor)

Major: Bicarbonate. Minor: Hemoglobins, Proteins,
Phosphates.




QUESTION


3 Major clinical elements to deQuestionining
Acid/Base Disorder

Hx & PE, ABG, Plasma chemistries




QUESTION


Where does reabsorption of HCO3- primarily occur?

Proximal tubule




QUESTION



https://www.q&a.com/test/renal-acid-base-7592600/test 2/33

,5/24/26, 6:45 PM Renal - Acid/Base — Test


A Hx and PE on a female is incomplete unless it contains

Date of last menstrual period.




QUESTION


ADH: Response to, Location of Action, Effects

Secreted from posterior pituitary in response to ANGII
(partly). Acts to vasoconstrict systemically,
upregulates AP2s in collecting ducts increasing H2O
reabsorption. Net Result: Increased BP, increased H2O
reabsorption.




QUESTION


Describe distal nephron H+ secretion and basolateral
HCO3- reabsorption.




https://www.q&a.com/test/renal-acid-base-7592600/test 3/33

, 5/24/26, 6:45 PM Renal - Acid/Base — Test



H+ secretion is primarily performed by aldosterone
sensitive H+/ATPase pump. It can also be secreted via
H+/K+ ATPase countertransport. HCO3- is transported
out basolaterally via HCO3-/Cl- exchanger (secondary
active).




QUESTION


DeQuestionining types of Metabolic alkalosis

Check urine Cl-. If low (< 20) it is chloride responsive. If
high (> 30) it is chloride-unresponsive.




QUESTION


How to calculate the anion gap

Find the sum of all important extracellular electrolyte
charges (Na+ - (Cl- + HCO3-))




QUESTION


How do you tell if it is metabolic or respiratory?
https://www.q&a.com/test/renal-acid-base-7592600/test 4/33