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Samenvatting Architectuurgeschiedenis

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Uitgebreide samenvatting voor het vak Architectuurgeschiedenis aan de Vrije Universiteit Brussel. Het document behandelt de klassieke fundamenten van de architectuur, inclusief Griekse en Romeinse architectuurprincipes, tempelbouw, de ontwikkeling van de basilica, en de Middeleeuwen. Ideaal voor examenvoorbereiding met gestructureerde inhoudsopgave en duidelijke onderverdelingen per periode en bouwtype. Ik heb hiermee een 16/20 gehaald.

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Stuvia - Koop en Verkoop de Beste Samenvattingen




ARCHITECTUURGESCHIEDENIS




Gedownload door: edwinasmits | Wil jij ¤76 per
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, Stuvia - Koop en Verkoop de Beste Samenvattingen


Edwina Smits


Inhoudsopgave

1. Klassieke fundament: Grieks .................................................................................................................. 4
1.1. twee benaderingen............................................................................................................................... 4
1.2. invloed .................................................................................................................................................. 4
1.3. klassieke architectuur in Brussel........................................................................................................... 5
1.4. Barok en eclecticisme ........................................................................................................................... 8
1.5. Klassieke Griekse architectuur .............................................................................................................. 9
1.5.1. Parthenon, Athene .......................................................................................................................... 9
1.5.2. Griekse tempels ............................................................................................................................... 9
1.5.3. grondplan ........................................................................................................................................ 9
1.5.4. constructie v.e. tempel .................................................................................................................. 10
1.6. constructieprincipes ........................................................................................................................... 11
1.6.1. constructieprincipe 1: de stenen blokkendoos ............................................................................. 11
1.6.2. constructieprincipe 2: architraafbouw .......................................................................................... 11
1.6.3. ionische orde vanaf 6de eeuw v.C. ................................................................................................. 12
1.6.4. Dorische orde ................................................................................................................................ 12
1.6.5. verhouding van zuilen ................................................................................................................... 13
1.7. Akropolis, Athene ............................................................................................................................... 14
1.7.1. Propyleeën..................................................................................................................................... 14
1.7.2. hoekprobleem ............................................................................................................................... 14
1.7.3. Erechteion ..................................................................................................................................... 14

2. klassieke fundament: Romeins + vroegchristelijke basilica ................................................................... 15
2.1. vernieuwingen en boogbouw ............................................................................................................. 15
2.2. Tempelbouw bij de romeinen ............................................................................................................. 16
2.2.1. Maison Carée Nîmes ...................................................................................................................... 16
2.2.2. andere tempels en gebouwen ....................................................................................................... 17
2.2.3. Pantheon ....................................................................................................................................... 18
2.3. basilica................................................................................................................................................ 20
2.3.1. Vroegchristelijke basilica ............................................................................................................... 22
2.3.2. voorbeelden in Rome .................................................................................................................... 22

3. Middeleeuwen .................................................................................................................................... 24
3.1. centraal bouw .................................................................................................................................... 24
3.1.1. Baptisteria ..................................................................................................................................... 24
3.1.2. Mausolea ....................................................................................................................................... 25
3.1.3. Martyrium...................................................................................................................................... 27
3.2. Invloed byzantijnse traditie ................................................................................................................ 29
3.3. Verdere evolutie van het Basilica-type: Romaans – gotisch ............................................................... 30
3.4. Boogbouw: spits- vs. rondboog – bouwfysische eigenschappen ........................................................ 32
3.4.1. spitsbogen vs. rondbogen ............................................................................................................. 32
3.4.2. kruisribgewelven ........................................................................................................................... 33
3.4.3. ontwikkeling in opstand ................................................................................................................ 34
3.5. gotische architectuur .......................................................................................................................... 35

4. Renaissance: Firenze (Brunelleschi)...................................................................................................... 35
4.1. lineaire perspectief ............................................................................................................................. 36



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4.1.1. paneel 1: baptisterium .................................................................................................................. 36
4.1.2. Piazza della Signoria ...................................................................................................................... 36
4.1.3. perspectief in schilderkunst........................................................................................................... 36
4.2. ontwerpen van Brunelleschi ............................................................................................................... 37
4.2.1. Dom koepel van Firenze (1418-36)................................................................................................ 37
..................................................................................................................................................................... 38
4.2.2. Ospedale degli Innocenti ............................................................................................................... 38
4.2.3. San Lorenzo (1421) ........................................................................................................................ 39
4.2.4. Santo Spirito (over rivier) .............................................................................................................. 40

5. Firenze (Brunelleschi) deel 2 ................................................................................................................ 41
5.1. Pazzikapel ........................................................................................................................................... 41
5.2. Santa Maria degli Angeli .................................................................................................................... 42
5.3. Dompkoepel: lantaarn + exedrae ....................................................................................................... 42

6. Renaissance: Alberti ............................................................................................................................ 43
6.1. Leon Battista Alberti (1404-1472) ...................................................................................................... 44
6.1.1. Rimini: Tempio Malatestiano (San Francesco), ca. 1450 ............................................................... 44
6.1.2. Firenze: Santa Maria Novella, ca. 1450 ......................................................................................... 45
6.1.3. Mantua: San Sebastiano, ca 1460 ................................................................................................. 46
6.1.4. Mantua: Sant ’Andrea, ca 1470 ..................................................................................................... 47
6.2. Palazzi in Firenze ................................................................................................................................ 47
6.2.1. Kenmerken Florentijnse palazzi ..................................................................................................... 47
6.2.2. Alberti ............................................................................................................................................ 48
a) Palazzo Medici, 1445 .......................................................................................................................... 48
c) Palazzo Strozzi, 1490 .......................................................................................................................... 49

7. Hoge renaissance: Bramante – Romano ............................................................................................... 49
7.1. Bramante............................................................................................................................................ 49
7.1.1. Bramante in Milaan ....................................................................................................................... 49
7.1.2. Bramante in Rome ......................................................................................................................... 50
7.2. Renaissance vs. maniérisme ............................................................................................................... 52
7.2.1. Sub-urbane villa’s .......................................................................................................................... 52
7.2.2. Romeinse palazzi ........................................................................................................................... 52
7.2.3. romeinse vs. Florentijnse palazzi ................................................................................................... 53
7.3. Mantua: Romano ............................................................................................................................... 54
7.3.1. Palazzo Te ...................................................................................................................................... 54
7.3.2. Palazzo ducale ............................................................................................................................... 55

8. Hoge renaissance: Michelangelo – Palladio .......................................................................................... 55
8.1. Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475-1564) ............................................................................................... 55
8.1.1. San Lorenzo ................................................................................................................................... 55
8.1.2. Sagrestia Nuova (Medici Kapel) ..................................................................................................... 55
8.1.3. Biblioteca Laurenziana................................................................................................................... 56
8.1.4. Campidoglio (capitool), 1536-1546 ............................................................................................... 57
8.1.5. de nieuwe Sint-Pieter .................................................................................................................... 57
8.1.6. Santa Maria degli Angeli ................................................................................................................ 57
8.1.7. Porta Pia ........................................................................................................................................ 58
8.2. Venetië en Veneto .............................................................................................................................. 58
8.2.1. Sansovino....................................................................................................................................... 58
8.2.2. Palladio .......................................................................................................................................... 59
8.2.3. Palladio’s villa’s in de Veneto ........................................................................................................ 60


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, Stuvia - Koop en Verkoop de Beste Samenvattingen


Edwina Smits

9. Vroege barok in Rome ......................................................................................................................... 64
9.1. Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola (1507-1573) .......................................................................................... 64
9.1.1. Villa Guila, Rome, 1551.................................................................................................................. 64
9.1.2. Nieuwe kerktypes .......................................................................................................................... 65
9.2. Carlo Maderno ................................................................................................................................... 65
9.2.1. Santa Susanna, 1597-1603 ............................................................................................................ 65
9.2.2. Sint-Pieter (uitbreiding + façade) .................................................................................................. 66
9.3. Latere barok in Rome ......................................................................................................................... 66
9.3.1. Bernini (1598-1680) ....................................................................................................................... 66
9.3.2. Borromini (1599-1667) .................................................................................................................. 69
9.3.3. Pietro da Cortona .......................................................................................................................... 71
a) Santa Maria della Pace (façade + pleintje) ......................................................................................... 71

10. Art Nouveau .................................................................................................................................... 71
10.1. Art Nouveau (algemeen) .................................................................................................................... 71
10.2. Victor Horta ........................................................................................................................................ 72
10.2.1. huis Tassel: 1892-1893.............................................................................................................. 72
10.2.2. Hotel / huis Solvay .................................................................................................................... 72
10.2.3. Huis (Hotel) Van Eetvelde ......................................................................................................... 73
10.2.4. Horta-huis ................................................................................................................................. 74
10.2.5. Volkshuis (bestaat niet meer) ................................................................................................... 75
10.3. Art-Nouveau in Amsterdam................................................................................................................ 75
10.4. Art-Nouveau in Frankrijk (Hector Guimard) ....................................................................................... 75
10.4.1. Castel Béranger, Parijs .............................................................................................................. 75
10.4.2. Metrostations ........................................................................................................................... 76
10.4.3. Maison Coillot, Rijsel................................................................................................................. 77
10.5. Art-Nouveau in Oostenrijk en Duitsland ............................................................................................. 77
10.5.1. Wiener Secession ...................................................................................................................... 77
10.6. Hoffman ............................................................................................................................................. 78
10.6.1. Palais Stoclet ............................................................................................................................. 78
10.7. Gaudi .................................................................................................................................................. 79
10.7.1. Palau Güell ................................................................................................................................ 79
10.7.2. Park Güell .................................................................................................................................. 79
..................................................................................................................................................................... 80
10.7.3. Casa Battló ................................................................................................................................ 80
10.7.4. Casa Milà (“La Pedrera”) ........................................................................................................... 80




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