HESI PN MED SURG EXAM REVIEW LATEST
2020/2021 PRACTICE SCRIPT 2026
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
⫸ When conducting a health history with a female client with
thyrotoxicosis, the nurse should ask about which of the following
changes in the menstrual cycle?
1. dysmenorrhea
2. metrorrhagia
3. oligomenorrhea
4. menorrhagia Answer: 3. oligomenorrhea
A change in the menstrual interval, diminished menstrual flow
(oligomenorrhea), or even the absence of menstruation (amenorrhea)
may result from the hormonal imbalances of thyrotoxicosis.
Oligomenorrhea in women and decreased libido and impotence in men
are common features of thyrotoxicosis. Dysmenorrhea is painful
menstruation. Metrorrhagia, blood loss between menstrual periods, is a
symptom of hypothyroidism. Menorrhagia, excessive bleeding during
menstrual periods, is a symptom of hypothyroidism.
CN: Physiological adaptation; CL: Analyze
⫸ A 34-year-old female is diagnosed with hypothyroidism. The nurse
should assess the client for which of the following? (Select all that
apply.)
,1. rapid pulse
2. decreased energy and fatigue
3. weight gain of 10 lbs (4.5 kg)
4. fine, thin hair with hair loss
5. constipation
6. menorrhagia. Answer: 2. decreased energy and fatigue, 3. weight gain
of 10 lbs (4.5 kg), 5. constipation, 6. menorrhagia
Clients with hypothyroidism exhibit symptoms indicating a lack of
thyroid hormone. Bradycardia, decreased energy and lethargy, memory
problems, weight gain, coarse hair, constipation, and menorrhagia are
common signs and
symptoms of hypothyroidism.
CN: Physiological adaptation; CL: Analyze
⫸ Propylthiouracil (PTU) is prescribed for a client with Graves' disease.
The nurse should teach the client to immediately report which of the
following?
1. sore throat
2. painful, excessive menstruation
3. constipation
4. increased urine output Answer: 1. sore throat
,The most serious adverse effects of PTU are leukopenia and
agranulocytosis, which usually occur within the first 3 months of
treatment. The client should be taught to promptly report to the health
care provider signs and symptoms of infection, such as a sore throat and
fever. Clients having a sore throat and fever should have an immediate
white blood cell count and differential performed, and the drug must be
withheld until
the results are obtained. Painful menstruation, constipation, and
increased urine output are not associated with PTU therapy.
CN: Pharmacological and parenteral therapies; CL: Synthesize
⫸ A client with thyrotoxicosis says to the nurse, "I am so irritable. I am
having
problems at work because I lose my temper very easily." Which of the
following responses by the nurse would give the client the most accurate
explanation of her behavior?
1. "Your behavior is caused by temporary confusion brought on by your
illness."
2. "Your behavior is caused by the excess thyroid hormone in your
system."
3. "Your behavior is caused by your worrying about the seriousness of
your illness."
, 4. "Your behavior is caused by the stress of trying to manage a career
and cope with illness." Answer: 2. "Your behavior is caused by the
excess thyroid hormone in your system."
A typical sign of thyrotoxicosis is irritability caused by the high levels of
circulating thyroid hormones in the body. This symptom decreases as the
client responds to therapy. Thyrotoxicosis does not cause confusion. The
client may be worried about her illness, and stress may influence her
mood; however, irritability is a common symptom of thyrotoxicosis and
the client should be informed of that fact rather than blamed.
CN: Psychosocial integrity; CL: Synthesize
⫸ The nurse is evaluating a client with hyperthyroidism who is taking
Propylthiouracil (PTU) 100 mg/day in three divided doses for
maintenance therapy. Which of the following statements from the client
indicates the desired outcome of the
drug?
1. "I have excess energy throughout the day."
2. "I am able to sleep and rest at night."
3. "I have lost weight since taking this medication."
4. "I do perspire throughout the entire day." Answer: 2. "I am able to
sleep and rest at night."
2020/2021 PRACTICE SCRIPT 2026
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
⫸ When conducting a health history with a female client with
thyrotoxicosis, the nurse should ask about which of the following
changes in the menstrual cycle?
1. dysmenorrhea
2. metrorrhagia
3. oligomenorrhea
4. menorrhagia Answer: 3. oligomenorrhea
A change in the menstrual interval, diminished menstrual flow
(oligomenorrhea), or even the absence of menstruation (amenorrhea)
may result from the hormonal imbalances of thyrotoxicosis.
Oligomenorrhea in women and decreased libido and impotence in men
are common features of thyrotoxicosis. Dysmenorrhea is painful
menstruation. Metrorrhagia, blood loss between menstrual periods, is a
symptom of hypothyroidism. Menorrhagia, excessive bleeding during
menstrual periods, is a symptom of hypothyroidism.
CN: Physiological adaptation; CL: Analyze
⫸ A 34-year-old female is diagnosed with hypothyroidism. The nurse
should assess the client for which of the following? (Select all that
apply.)
,1. rapid pulse
2. decreased energy and fatigue
3. weight gain of 10 lbs (4.5 kg)
4. fine, thin hair with hair loss
5. constipation
6. menorrhagia. Answer: 2. decreased energy and fatigue, 3. weight gain
of 10 lbs (4.5 kg), 5. constipation, 6. menorrhagia
Clients with hypothyroidism exhibit symptoms indicating a lack of
thyroid hormone. Bradycardia, decreased energy and lethargy, memory
problems, weight gain, coarse hair, constipation, and menorrhagia are
common signs and
symptoms of hypothyroidism.
CN: Physiological adaptation; CL: Analyze
⫸ Propylthiouracil (PTU) is prescribed for a client with Graves' disease.
The nurse should teach the client to immediately report which of the
following?
1. sore throat
2. painful, excessive menstruation
3. constipation
4. increased urine output Answer: 1. sore throat
,The most serious adverse effects of PTU are leukopenia and
agranulocytosis, which usually occur within the first 3 months of
treatment. The client should be taught to promptly report to the health
care provider signs and symptoms of infection, such as a sore throat and
fever. Clients having a sore throat and fever should have an immediate
white blood cell count and differential performed, and the drug must be
withheld until
the results are obtained. Painful menstruation, constipation, and
increased urine output are not associated with PTU therapy.
CN: Pharmacological and parenteral therapies; CL: Synthesize
⫸ A client with thyrotoxicosis says to the nurse, "I am so irritable. I am
having
problems at work because I lose my temper very easily." Which of the
following responses by the nurse would give the client the most accurate
explanation of her behavior?
1. "Your behavior is caused by temporary confusion brought on by your
illness."
2. "Your behavior is caused by the excess thyroid hormone in your
system."
3. "Your behavior is caused by your worrying about the seriousness of
your illness."
, 4. "Your behavior is caused by the stress of trying to manage a career
and cope with illness." Answer: 2. "Your behavior is caused by the
excess thyroid hormone in your system."
A typical sign of thyrotoxicosis is irritability caused by the high levels of
circulating thyroid hormones in the body. This symptom decreases as the
client responds to therapy. Thyrotoxicosis does not cause confusion. The
client may be worried about her illness, and stress may influence her
mood; however, irritability is a common symptom of thyrotoxicosis and
the client should be informed of that fact rather than blamed.
CN: Psychosocial integrity; CL: Synthesize
⫸ The nurse is evaluating a client with hyperthyroidism who is taking
Propylthiouracil (PTU) 100 mg/day in three divided doses for
maintenance therapy. Which of the following statements from the client
indicates the desired outcome of the
drug?
1. "I have excess energy throughout the day."
2. "I am able to sleep and rest at night."
3. "I have lost weight since taking this medication."
4. "I do perspire throughout the entire day." Answer: 2. "I am able to
sleep and rest at night."
