FRESENIUS ~ CCHT REVIEW EXAM
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
The functional unit of the kidney that does the work - Correct Answers -Nephron
A nephron is made up of - Correct Answers -A glomerulus and a tubule
The endrocrine functions of the kidney include - Correct Answers -making erythropoietin
and the active for of Vitamin D
The leading cause of End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) for adults in the U.S. - Correct
Answers -Diabetes
Patients with kidney failure often complain of itching, which is likely to be caused by -
Correct Answers -HyperPhosphatemia
Why do kideny patients often have bone disease - Correct Answers -Kidneys stop
producing calcitriol
Symptoms that a patient may need more dialysis time include - Correct Answers -
Anorexia, fatigue, swelling
A semipermeable membrane is a porous barrier that - Correct Answers -allows for only
certain sized particles to cross
Diffusion is movement of particles - Correct Answers -from an area of higher
concentration to an area of lower concentration
Negative Pressure is pressure created when - Correct Answers -fluid is pulled through a
restriction
During Dialysis, ultrafiltration occurs when - Correct Answers -Water is removed from
the blood because there is a pressure gradient between blood and dialysate
during the dialysis treatment what would indicate a break in integrity of the
extracorporeal circuit - Correct Answers -the appearance of air or foam in any bloodline
During Dialysis pt should be monitored for what complications - Correct Answers -
Separation of bloodlines or rupture of an access
The presence of air or foam in the line
Bleeding around the needle or catheter exit sites
, Sudden changes in blood flow or venous pressure or line collapse
poor blood flow during dialysis in pt with catheters is often due to - Correct Answers -a
blood clot
poor placement of the catheter within the blood vessel
a fibrin sheath that has formed around the catheter
at which point in the extracorporeal circuit is the blood usually under negative pressure -
Correct Answers -The arterial line section before the blood pump
Which of the following will increase the amount of the solutes that will diffuse across the
semipermeable membrane - Correct Answers -High concentration gradients
The components of the dialysate treatment that affect clearance include - Correct
Answers -Dialysate flow, time of treatment, dialyzer size, blood flow rate
Two things that affect the dialyzer's ability to remove wastes from the body include -
Correct Answers -Surface area and molecular weight cutoff
Dialysate is the fluid that helps remove waste products from the body. It contains a
number of substances. What might be prescribed for a dialysate solution - Correct
Answers -Bicarbonate, Sodium, Potassium
What is the most important safety monitor during a dialysis treatment - Correct Answers
-The dialysis technician
Dialysate conductivity measures - Correct Answers -the total electrical charge of a
solution
Dialysate that has too much sodium may cause patient injury. Too much sodium or
hypernatremia can cause - Correct Answers -Headaches, high blood pressure, and
shriveling of the red blood cells
Dialysate that has too much calcium can cause - Correct Answers -Vomiting, confusion,
irritability
Dialysate that has too little sodium can cause - Correct Answers -low blood pressure,
cramping, and bursting of Red Blood Cells
Things that can affect dailysis adequacy include - Correct Answers -time on treatment,
Blood and dialysate flow rates, dialyzer clotting
normal body temperature taken orally - Correct Answers -98.6 degrees F
the instrument used for measuring blood pressure is called - Correct Answers -
Sphygmomanometer
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
The functional unit of the kidney that does the work - Correct Answers -Nephron
A nephron is made up of - Correct Answers -A glomerulus and a tubule
The endrocrine functions of the kidney include - Correct Answers -making erythropoietin
and the active for of Vitamin D
The leading cause of End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) for adults in the U.S. - Correct
Answers -Diabetes
Patients with kidney failure often complain of itching, which is likely to be caused by -
Correct Answers -HyperPhosphatemia
Why do kideny patients often have bone disease - Correct Answers -Kidneys stop
producing calcitriol
Symptoms that a patient may need more dialysis time include - Correct Answers -
Anorexia, fatigue, swelling
A semipermeable membrane is a porous barrier that - Correct Answers -allows for only
certain sized particles to cross
Diffusion is movement of particles - Correct Answers -from an area of higher
concentration to an area of lower concentration
Negative Pressure is pressure created when - Correct Answers -fluid is pulled through a
restriction
During Dialysis, ultrafiltration occurs when - Correct Answers -Water is removed from
the blood because there is a pressure gradient between blood and dialysate
during the dialysis treatment what would indicate a break in integrity of the
extracorporeal circuit - Correct Answers -the appearance of air or foam in any bloodline
During Dialysis pt should be monitored for what complications - Correct Answers -
Separation of bloodlines or rupture of an access
The presence of air or foam in the line
Bleeding around the needle or catheter exit sites
, Sudden changes in blood flow or venous pressure or line collapse
poor blood flow during dialysis in pt with catheters is often due to - Correct Answers -a
blood clot
poor placement of the catheter within the blood vessel
a fibrin sheath that has formed around the catheter
at which point in the extracorporeal circuit is the blood usually under negative pressure -
Correct Answers -The arterial line section before the blood pump
Which of the following will increase the amount of the solutes that will diffuse across the
semipermeable membrane - Correct Answers -High concentration gradients
The components of the dialysate treatment that affect clearance include - Correct
Answers -Dialysate flow, time of treatment, dialyzer size, blood flow rate
Two things that affect the dialyzer's ability to remove wastes from the body include -
Correct Answers -Surface area and molecular weight cutoff
Dialysate is the fluid that helps remove waste products from the body. It contains a
number of substances. What might be prescribed for a dialysate solution - Correct
Answers -Bicarbonate, Sodium, Potassium
What is the most important safety monitor during a dialysis treatment - Correct Answers
-The dialysis technician
Dialysate conductivity measures - Correct Answers -the total electrical charge of a
solution
Dialysate that has too much sodium may cause patient injury. Too much sodium or
hypernatremia can cause - Correct Answers -Headaches, high blood pressure, and
shriveling of the red blood cells
Dialysate that has too much calcium can cause - Correct Answers -Vomiting, confusion,
irritability
Dialysate that has too little sodium can cause - Correct Answers -low blood pressure,
cramping, and bursting of Red Blood Cells
Things that can affect dailysis adequacy include - Correct Answers -time on treatment,
Blood and dialysate flow rates, dialyzer clotting
normal body temperature taken orally - Correct Answers -98.6 degrees F
the instrument used for measuring blood pressure is called - Correct Answers -
Sphygmomanometer
