SLCC Pathophysiology Unit 1 With
Correct Answers
T-memory cells - CORRECT ANSWER- Remain in lymph nodes for many years after
infection so if same pathogen enters rapid immune response can happen.
Telomers - CORRECT ANSWER- Outermost tails of chromosomes that are
shortened each replication. When to short cell dies
Temperature patterns - CORRECT ANSWER- Intermittent fever- returns to normal in
24 hours.
Remittent fever- temperature rises and falls but doesn't return to normal.
Sustained fever- temperature doesn't vary by more then 1 degree in 24 hours.
Relapsing fever- appears to resolve but appears again more than 24 hours later
.
Vascular phase - CORRECT ANSWER- "S.H.A.R.P." Vasod= heat and redness.
Plasma brings WBC and proteins causing swelling and pain. Proteins are pushed from
vessel to tissue drawing more fluid which increases pain and swelling. Fluid traps
infection from moving to body. But causes altered function due to swelling. Chemical
mediators are histamine, serotinin, cytokines, and kinins. They cause vasodilation,
increased capillary permeability, blood flow to slow allowing clotting, signal wbs to
congregate.
Acute inflammation - CORRECT ANSWER- Focuses on removing the injury causing
agent and limiting the extent of tissue damage.
Agranulocytes - CORRECT ANSWER- "And GRANma Loves Money" lymphocytes-
30% of wbc, B &T cells. Increased in viral and chronic infection.
Monocytes-circulate in the bloodstream. When called they migrate to tissue and
become macrophages. Cells that can eat foreign particles through phagocytosis.
Antibodies - CORRECT ANSWER- Immunoglobulins are the bodies compliment to
antigens. When antibodies attach to antigens cells cannot reproduce. Lock and key
analogy.
Antigens - CORRECT ANSWER- Proteins on cell surface that identify it as foreign or
not. Cell specific. IDENTIFIERS
, Apoptosis - CORRECT ANSWER- Controlled cell death by implosion. Membrane
maintains integrity, cell contents not released into extracellular space, no inflammatory
response. – irreversible
Atrophy - CORRECT ANSWER- Reduced size of cell - malnutrition ,
B-cells - CORRECT ANSWER- Back up response and makes antibodies. Slower
response time the t-cells. Humoral immune response. Produced by lymphocytes in
bone marrow. Releases antibodies that activate t-cells. Takes time to make antibodies.
Cellular phase - CORRECT ANSWER- Leukocytes primarily Neutrophils "first
responders" are delivered to the site of infection/injury and emigrate through blood
vessel. WBCs move through tissue by chemotaxis, moving by chemical gradiant.
Chronic inflammation - CORRECT ANSWER- Lasts many weeks or years. Overwork
the immune response. The immune response is no longer healing but damaging.
Chronic inflammation consequences - CORRECT ANSWER- Cvd, cancer, diabetes,
autoimmune diseases, alzheimers, stroke, lung disease, arthritis
Dysplasia - CORRECT ANSWER- Abnormal cell growth results in abnormal size
shape or appearance
Endothelial cells - CORRECT ANSWER- Line blood vessels, releases products that
vasodilate/vasoconstrict. Cause blood thinning, allow entrance and exit sites of blood
vessels, control inflammatory mediators
Examples of cellular aging - CORRECT ANSWER- Decreased elasticity of blood
vessels. Loss of bowel motility. Loss of muscle mass. Loss of subcutaneous fat.
Fever - CORRECT ANSWER- Caused by cytokines ranged from 97.0 to 99.5. Over
100.4 is a fever. 105 to 108 cause cell injury. Tempo over 109 are fatal.
Fever and febrile response - CORRECT ANSWER- Elevated temp is response of
systemic infection. Caused by cytokines changing body's temperature set point,
regulated by hypothalamus.
Granulocytes - CORRECT ANSWER- "GRANPA B.E.N." Neutrophils- 60% of wbc.
First responders. Eosinophils- increased in allergic reaction and parasites. Basophils-
release histamines.
Helper t-cells - CORRECT ANSWER- Activate/regulate T&B cells
Homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWER- Body's ability to maintain dynamic steady state
of internal balance
Correct Answers
T-memory cells - CORRECT ANSWER- Remain in lymph nodes for many years after
infection so if same pathogen enters rapid immune response can happen.
Telomers - CORRECT ANSWER- Outermost tails of chromosomes that are
shortened each replication. When to short cell dies
Temperature patterns - CORRECT ANSWER- Intermittent fever- returns to normal in
24 hours.
Remittent fever- temperature rises and falls but doesn't return to normal.
Sustained fever- temperature doesn't vary by more then 1 degree in 24 hours.
Relapsing fever- appears to resolve but appears again more than 24 hours later
.
Vascular phase - CORRECT ANSWER- "S.H.A.R.P." Vasod= heat and redness.
Plasma brings WBC and proteins causing swelling and pain. Proteins are pushed from
vessel to tissue drawing more fluid which increases pain and swelling. Fluid traps
infection from moving to body. But causes altered function due to swelling. Chemical
mediators are histamine, serotinin, cytokines, and kinins. They cause vasodilation,
increased capillary permeability, blood flow to slow allowing clotting, signal wbs to
congregate.
Acute inflammation - CORRECT ANSWER- Focuses on removing the injury causing
agent and limiting the extent of tissue damage.
Agranulocytes - CORRECT ANSWER- "And GRANma Loves Money" lymphocytes-
30% of wbc, B &T cells. Increased in viral and chronic infection.
Monocytes-circulate in the bloodstream. When called they migrate to tissue and
become macrophages. Cells that can eat foreign particles through phagocytosis.
Antibodies - CORRECT ANSWER- Immunoglobulins are the bodies compliment to
antigens. When antibodies attach to antigens cells cannot reproduce. Lock and key
analogy.
Antigens - CORRECT ANSWER- Proteins on cell surface that identify it as foreign or
not. Cell specific. IDENTIFIERS
, Apoptosis - CORRECT ANSWER- Controlled cell death by implosion. Membrane
maintains integrity, cell contents not released into extracellular space, no inflammatory
response. – irreversible
Atrophy - CORRECT ANSWER- Reduced size of cell - malnutrition ,
B-cells - CORRECT ANSWER- Back up response and makes antibodies. Slower
response time the t-cells. Humoral immune response. Produced by lymphocytes in
bone marrow. Releases antibodies that activate t-cells. Takes time to make antibodies.
Cellular phase - CORRECT ANSWER- Leukocytes primarily Neutrophils "first
responders" are delivered to the site of infection/injury and emigrate through blood
vessel. WBCs move through tissue by chemotaxis, moving by chemical gradiant.
Chronic inflammation - CORRECT ANSWER- Lasts many weeks or years. Overwork
the immune response. The immune response is no longer healing but damaging.
Chronic inflammation consequences - CORRECT ANSWER- Cvd, cancer, diabetes,
autoimmune diseases, alzheimers, stroke, lung disease, arthritis
Dysplasia - CORRECT ANSWER- Abnormal cell growth results in abnormal size
shape or appearance
Endothelial cells - CORRECT ANSWER- Line blood vessels, releases products that
vasodilate/vasoconstrict. Cause blood thinning, allow entrance and exit sites of blood
vessels, control inflammatory mediators
Examples of cellular aging - CORRECT ANSWER- Decreased elasticity of blood
vessels. Loss of bowel motility. Loss of muscle mass. Loss of subcutaneous fat.
Fever - CORRECT ANSWER- Caused by cytokines ranged from 97.0 to 99.5. Over
100.4 is a fever. 105 to 108 cause cell injury. Tempo over 109 are fatal.
Fever and febrile response - CORRECT ANSWER- Elevated temp is response of
systemic infection. Caused by cytokines changing body's temperature set point,
regulated by hypothalamus.
Granulocytes - CORRECT ANSWER- "GRANPA B.E.N." Neutrophils- 60% of wbc.
First responders. Eosinophils- increased in allergic reaction and parasites. Basophils-
release histamines.
Helper t-cells - CORRECT ANSWER- Activate/regulate T&B cells
Homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWER- Body's ability to maintain dynamic steady state
of internal balance
