WGU D312 Anatomy & Physiology I | OA | Objective Assessment | 287 Questions and Answers | 2026 Update | 100% Correct.

WGU D312 q




WGU D312 Anatomy & Physiology I | OA | Objective
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q Assessment | 287 Questions and Answers | 2026 Update | 100%
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q Correct.

Gradegurus

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1. What type of tissue makes up the papillary layer? What cells and structures are
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q found in the papillary layer?
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A. Adipose tissue. Adipocytes, elastic fibers, nerve bundles, and oil glands.
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B. Loose, areolar connective tissue. Fibroblasts, adipocytes, small blood vessels,
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q phagocytes, lymphatic capillaries, nerve fibers, and Meissner corpuscles.
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C. Dense, fibrous connective tissue. Collagen fibers, chondrocytes, large blood
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q vessels, mast cells, and sweat glands.
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D. Cartilaginous tissue. Chondroblasts, lymphatic vessels, sensory receptors, and hair
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q follicles.
Correct: B – The papillary layer is loose areolar connective tissue containing fibroblasts,
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q blood vessels, nerve fibers, and Meissner's corpuscles (touch receptors).
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2. What type of cells include epithelial cells, blood cells, osteoblasts, fibroblasts,
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q muscle cells, and nerve cells?
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A. Haploid cells q




B. Somatic cells q




C. Stem cells q




D. Diploid cells q




Correct: B – Somatic cells are all body cells except gametes; they include epithelial,
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q blood, bone, muscle, and nerve cells.
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3. An appendage on certain cells formed by microtubules and modified for movement.
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A. Nucleus
B. Capsule
C. Flagellum
D. Microtubule
Correct: C – A flagellum is a long, microtubule-based appendage used for cell
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movement (e.g., sperm).
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4. What is the cell body of a neuron, containing the nucleus and mitochondria, called?
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A. Soma

,B. Axon
C. Fibroblast
D. Dendrite
Correct: A – The soma (cell body) contains the nucleus and organelles; dendrites receive
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signals, axons send them.
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5. Which part of the plasma membrane binds a specific molecule outside the cell?
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A. Receptor
B. Channel protein q




C. Carrier protein q




D. Glycocalyx
Correct: A – Receptors are recognition proteins that bind specific molecules (ligands)
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outside the cell, triggering a cellular response.
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6. Which medially placed group of muscles is part of the erector spinae?
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A. Spinalis muscles q




B. Longissimus
C. Iliocostalis
D. Multifidus
Correct: A – The spinalis group is the most medially placed in the erector spinae,
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q extending and laterally flexing the spine.
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7. What term describes DNA replication where each new DNA molecule contains one
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q original strand and one newly synthesized strand?
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A. Conservative
B. Liberal
C. Semiconservative
D. Dispersive
Correct: C – Semiconservative replication produces two DNA molecules, each with
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q one old and one new strand.
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8. What is the function of skeletal muscle in terms of body temperature regulation?
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A. Anatomical position q

, B. Immune/osmotic regulation q




C. Thermal homeostasis q




D. Shivering
Correct: D – Shivering (involuntary skeletal muscle contractions) generates heat to
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maintain body temperature.
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Page 4 q




9. What are the three basic shapes of epithelial cells?
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A. Squamous, cucumber, columnar q q




B. Transitional, stratified, simple q q




C. Squamous, cuboidal, columnar q q




D. Pseudostratified, stratified, columnar q q




Correct: C – Epithelial cells are classified as squamous (flat), cuboidal (cube-shaped), or
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q columnar (tall). q




10. What is the deepest layer of the epidermis? Also known as the subcutaneous layer
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q or superficial fascia. What function does it serve?
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A. The dermis – skin repair and pigmentation
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B. The subcutaneous tissue – muscle support and nutrient absorption
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C. The hypodermis – fat storage, insulation, and cushioning
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D. The epidermis – protection and hydration
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Correct: C – The hypodermis (subcutaneous layer) is deep to the dermis; it stores fat,
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insulates, and cushions.
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11. What is the process of copying DNA that occurs before cell division?
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A. Transcription
B. Protein synthesis q




C. DNA replication
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D. Translation
Correct: C – DNA replication copies DNA before cell division so each daughter cell
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receives a complete genome.
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