WGU D312
WGU D312 Anatomy & Physiology I | OA | Objective
Assessment | 287 Questions and Answers | 2026 Update | 100%
Correct.
Testbankscove
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,Page 1
1. What type of tissue makes up the papillary layer? What cells and structures are
found in the papillary layer?
A. Adipose tissue. Adipocytes, elastic fibers, nerve bundles, and oil glands.
B. Loose, areolar connective tissue. Fibroblasts, adipocytes, small blood vessels,
phagocytes, lymphatic capillaries, nerve fibers, and Meissner corpuscles.
C. Dense, fibrous connective tissue. Collagen fibers, chondrocytes, large blood vessels,
mast cells, and sweat glands.
D. Cartilaginous tissue. Chondroblasts, lymphatic vessels, sensory receptors, and hair
follicles.
Correct: B – The papillary layer is loose areolar connective tissue containing fibroblasts,
blood vessels, nerve fibers, and Meissner's corpuscles (touch receptors).
2. What type of cells include epithelial cells, blood cells, osteoblasts, fibroblasts,
muscle cells, and nerve cells?
A. Haploid cells
B. Somatic cells
C. Stem cells
D. Diploid cells
Correct: B – Somatic cells are all body cells except gametes; they include epithelial,
blood, bone, muscle, and nerve cells.
3. An appendage on certain cells formed by microtubules and modified for movement.
A. Nucleus
B. Capsule
C. Flagellum
D. Microtubule
Correct: C – A flagellum is a long, microtubule-based appendage used for cell
movement (e.g., sperm).
Page 2
4. What is the cell body of a neuron, containing the nucleus and mitochondria, called?
A. Soma
,B. Axon
C. Fibroblast
D. Dendrite
Correct: A – The soma (cell body) contains the nucleus and organelles; dendrites
receive signals, axons send them.
5. Which part of the plasma membrane binds a specific molecule outside the cell?
A. Receptor
B. Channel protein
C. Carrier protein
D. Glycocalyx
Correct: A – Receptors are recognition proteins that bind specific molecules (ligands)
outside the cell, triggering a cellular response.
Page 3
6. Which medially placed group of muscles is part of the erector spinae?
A. Spinalis muscles
B. Longissimus
C. Iliocostalis
D. Multifidus
Correct: A – The spinalis group is the most medially placed in the erector spinae,
extending and laterally flexing the spine.
7. What term describes DNA replication where each new DNA molecule contains one
original strand and one newly synthesized strand?
A. Conservative
B. Liberal
C. Semiconservative
D. Dispersive
Correct: C – Semiconservative replication produces two DNA molecules, each with one
old and one new strand.
8. What is the function of skeletal muscle in terms of body temperature regulation?
A. Anatomical position
, B. Immune/osmotic regulation
C. Thermal homeostasis
D. Shivering
Correct: D – Shivering (involuntary skeletal muscle contractions) generates heat to
maintain body temperature.
Page 4
9. What are the three basic shapes of epithelial cells?
A. Squamous, cucumber, columnar
B. Transitional, stratified, simple
C. Squamous, cuboidal, columnar
D. Pseudostratified, stratified, columnar
Correct: C – Epithelial cells are classified as squamous (flat), cuboidal (cube-shaped), or
columnar (tall).
10. What is the deepest layer of the epidermis? Also known as the subcutaneous layer
or superficial fascia. What function does it serve?
A. The dermis – skin repair and pigmentation
B. The subcutaneous tissue – muscle support and nutrient absorption
C. The hypodermis – fat storage, insulation, and cushioning
D. The epidermis – protection and hydration
Correct: C – The hypodermis (subcutaneous layer) is deep to the dermis; it stores fat,
insulates, and cushions.
11. What is the process of copying DNA that occurs before cell division?
A. Transcription
B. Protein synthesis
C. DNA replication
D. Translation
Correct: C – DNA replication copies DNA before cell division so each daughter cell
receives a complete genome.
WGU D312 Anatomy & Physiology I | OA | Objective
Assessment | 287 Questions and Answers | 2026 Update | 100%
Correct.
Testbankscove
➢
➢
➢
➢
➢
,Page 1
1. What type of tissue makes up the papillary layer? What cells and structures are
found in the papillary layer?
A. Adipose tissue. Adipocytes, elastic fibers, nerve bundles, and oil glands.
B. Loose, areolar connective tissue. Fibroblasts, adipocytes, small blood vessels,
phagocytes, lymphatic capillaries, nerve fibers, and Meissner corpuscles.
C. Dense, fibrous connective tissue. Collagen fibers, chondrocytes, large blood vessels,
mast cells, and sweat glands.
D. Cartilaginous tissue. Chondroblasts, lymphatic vessels, sensory receptors, and hair
follicles.
Correct: B – The papillary layer is loose areolar connective tissue containing fibroblasts,
blood vessels, nerve fibers, and Meissner's corpuscles (touch receptors).
2. What type of cells include epithelial cells, blood cells, osteoblasts, fibroblasts,
muscle cells, and nerve cells?
A. Haploid cells
B. Somatic cells
C. Stem cells
D. Diploid cells
Correct: B – Somatic cells are all body cells except gametes; they include epithelial,
blood, bone, muscle, and nerve cells.
3. An appendage on certain cells formed by microtubules and modified for movement.
A. Nucleus
B. Capsule
C. Flagellum
D. Microtubule
Correct: C – A flagellum is a long, microtubule-based appendage used for cell
movement (e.g., sperm).
Page 2
4. What is the cell body of a neuron, containing the nucleus and mitochondria, called?
A. Soma
,B. Axon
C. Fibroblast
D. Dendrite
Correct: A – The soma (cell body) contains the nucleus and organelles; dendrites
receive signals, axons send them.
5. Which part of the plasma membrane binds a specific molecule outside the cell?
A. Receptor
B. Channel protein
C. Carrier protein
D. Glycocalyx
Correct: A – Receptors are recognition proteins that bind specific molecules (ligands)
outside the cell, triggering a cellular response.
Page 3
6. Which medially placed group of muscles is part of the erector spinae?
A. Spinalis muscles
B. Longissimus
C. Iliocostalis
D. Multifidus
Correct: A – The spinalis group is the most medially placed in the erector spinae,
extending and laterally flexing the spine.
7. What term describes DNA replication where each new DNA molecule contains one
original strand and one newly synthesized strand?
A. Conservative
B. Liberal
C. Semiconservative
D. Dispersive
Correct: C – Semiconservative replication produces two DNA molecules, each with one
old and one new strand.
8. What is the function of skeletal muscle in terms of body temperature regulation?
A. Anatomical position
, B. Immune/osmotic regulation
C. Thermal homeostasis
D. Shivering
Correct: D – Shivering (involuntary skeletal muscle contractions) generates heat to
maintain body temperature.
Page 4
9. What are the three basic shapes of epithelial cells?
A. Squamous, cucumber, columnar
B. Transitional, stratified, simple
C. Squamous, cuboidal, columnar
D. Pseudostratified, stratified, columnar
Correct: C – Epithelial cells are classified as squamous (flat), cuboidal (cube-shaped), or
columnar (tall).
10. What is the deepest layer of the epidermis? Also known as the subcutaneous layer
or superficial fascia. What function does it serve?
A. The dermis – skin repair and pigmentation
B. The subcutaneous tissue – muscle support and nutrient absorption
C. The hypodermis – fat storage, insulation, and cushioning
D. The epidermis – protection and hydration
Correct: C – The hypodermis (subcutaneous layer) is deep to the dermis; it stores fat,
insulates, and cushions.
11. What is the process of copying DNA that occurs before cell division?
A. Transcription
B. Protein synthesis
C. DNA replication
D. Translation
Correct: C – DNA replication copies DNA before cell division so each daughter cell
receives a complete genome.
