EMT FISDAP STUDY GUIDE 2026/27
WITH CORRECT SOLUTIONS
Assessment of respiratory distress - ANSWER--important to perform early
assessment of level of respiratory distress
1. is patient speaking in full sentences?
2. are they short of breath when they talk
-if yes, you need to manage sxms first and obtain HPI later
Classification of breath sounds - ANSWER-Breath sounds are classified into normal
tracheal sound, normal lung sound or vesicular breath sounds, and bronchial breath
sound. Bronchial breath sounds are further subdivided into three types: Tubular,
cavernous, and amphoric.
Signs and symptoms of emphysema - ANSWER-barrel chest
pursed lip breathing
dyspnea on exertion
Signs and symptoms of epiglottitis - ANSWER-Fever, drooling, difficulty swallowing
**tripod position - child leans over and jaw is thrust out to take in air, child refuses to
lie down**
enlarged round epiglottis on lateral neck x-ray
Signs and symptoms of pneumonia - ANSWER-exertional dyspnea, a productive
cough, chest discomfort and pain, wheezing, headache, nausea and vomiting,
musculoskeletal pain, weight loss, and confusion
Signs and symptoms of simple pneumothorax - ANSWER-shortness of breath.
chest pain, which may be more severe on one side of the chest.
sharp pain when inhaling.
pressure in the chest that gets worse over time.
blue discoloration of the skin or lips.
increased heart rate.
rapid breathing.
Treatment of an asthma patient - ANSWER-open constricted airways, dry secretions
and reduce inflammation. Nebulized albuterol, connected to oxygen at 6-8 LPM, is
the first EMS treatment for asthma. Albuterol stimulates beta-2 receptor sites to
causes rapid bronchodilation.
Fundamentals of operating an AED - ANSWER-1). Turn on the AED and follow the
visual and/or audio prompts.
2). Open the person's shirt and wipe his or her bare chest dry. If the person is
wearing any medication patches, you should use a gloved (if possible) hand to
remove the patches before wiping the person's chest.
3). Attach the AED pads, and plug in the connector (if necessary).
, 4). Make sure no one is, including you, is touching the person. Tell everyone to
"stand clear."
5). Push the "analyze" button (if necessary) and allow the AED to analyze the
person's heart rhythm.
6). If the AED recommends that you deliver a shock to the person, make sure that no
one, including you, is touching the person - and tell everyone to "stand clear." Once
clear, press the "shock" button.
7). Begin CPR after delivering the shock. Or, if no shock is advised, begin CPR.
Perform 2 minutes (about 5 cycles) of CPR and continue to follow the AED's
prompts. If you notice obvious signs of life, discontinue CPR and monitor breathing
for any changes in condition.
Signs and symptoms of a stroke - ANSWER-facial drooping
sudden weakness or numbness in the face, arm, leg or one side of the body
loss of movement and sensation on one side of the body
speech disorders
aphasia
sudden and severe headache
trouble walking
confusion, combativeness
tongue deviation
Signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure - ANSWER--Cough (frequent,
productive, hemoptysis)
-Progressive dyspnea with exertion
-Orthopnea
-Pitting edema of legs and feet or generalized edema of face, hands, or sacral area
-Heart palpitations
-Progressive fatigue or syncope with exertion
-Moist rales in lower lobes, indicating pulmonary edema
Signs and symptoms of cardiogenic shock - ANSWER-chest pain
irregular weak pulse/low BP
cyanosis
cool clammy skin
anxiety
rales in breathing
pulmonary edema/possibly short of breath
Assessment of a patient with suicidal thoughts - ANSWER-1). Do you want to hurt
yourself or anyone else?
2). If yes, do you have a plan on how you want to do it?
3). If you have a plan, do you have the means to carry out that plan?
Assessment of carbon monoxide poisoning - ANSWER-symptoms include
Flu-like illness
Fatigue
Chest pain
Lethargy
Depression
WITH CORRECT SOLUTIONS
Assessment of respiratory distress - ANSWER--important to perform early
assessment of level of respiratory distress
1. is patient speaking in full sentences?
2. are they short of breath when they talk
-if yes, you need to manage sxms first and obtain HPI later
Classification of breath sounds - ANSWER-Breath sounds are classified into normal
tracheal sound, normal lung sound or vesicular breath sounds, and bronchial breath
sound. Bronchial breath sounds are further subdivided into three types: Tubular,
cavernous, and amphoric.
Signs and symptoms of emphysema - ANSWER-barrel chest
pursed lip breathing
dyspnea on exertion
Signs and symptoms of epiglottitis - ANSWER-Fever, drooling, difficulty swallowing
**tripod position - child leans over and jaw is thrust out to take in air, child refuses to
lie down**
enlarged round epiglottis on lateral neck x-ray
Signs and symptoms of pneumonia - ANSWER-exertional dyspnea, a productive
cough, chest discomfort and pain, wheezing, headache, nausea and vomiting,
musculoskeletal pain, weight loss, and confusion
Signs and symptoms of simple pneumothorax - ANSWER-shortness of breath.
chest pain, which may be more severe on one side of the chest.
sharp pain when inhaling.
pressure in the chest that gets worse over time.
blue discoloration of the skin or lips.
increased heart rate.
rapid breathing.
Treatment of an asthma patient - ANSWER-open constricted airways, dry secretions
and reduce inflammation. Nebulized albuterol, connected to oxygen at 6-8 LPM, is
the first EMS treatment for asthma. Albuterol stimulates beta-2 receptor sites to
causes rapid bronchodilation.
Fundamentals of operating an AED - ANSWER-1). Turn on the AED and follow the
visual and/or audio prompts.
2). Open the person's shirt and wipe his or her bare chest dry. If the person is
wearing any medication patches, you should use a gloved (if possible) hand to
remove the patches before wiping the person's chest.
3). Attach the AED pads, and plug in the connector (if necessary).
, 4). Make sure no one is, including you, is touching the person. Tell everyone to
"stand clear."
5). Push the "analyze" button (if necessary) and allow the AED to analyze the
person's heart rhythm.
6). If the AED recommends that you deliver a shock to the person, make sure that no
one, including you, is touching the person - and tell everyone to "stand clear." Once
clear, press the "shock" button.
7). Begin CPR after delivering the shock. Or, if no shock is advised, begin CPR.
Perform 2 minutes (about 5 cycles) of CPR and continue to follow the AED's
prompts. If you notice obvious signs of life, discontinue CPR and monitor breathing
for any changes in condition.
Signs and symptoms of a stroke - ANSWER-facial drooping
sudden weakness or numbness in the face, arm, leg or one side of the body
loss of movement and sensation on one side of the body
speech disorders
aphasia
sudden and severe headache
trouble walking
confusion, combativeness
tongue deviation
Signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure - ANSWER--Cough (frequent,
productive, hemoptysis)
-Progressive dyspnea with exertion
-Orthopnea
-Pitting edema of legs and feet or generalized edema of face, hands, or sacral area
-Heart palpitations
-Progressive fatigue or syncope with exertion
-Moist rales in lower lobes, indicating pulmonary edema
Signs and symptoms of cardiogenic shock - ANSWER-chest pain
irregular weak pulse/low BP
cyanosis
cool clammy skin
anxiety
rales in breathing
pulmonary edema/possibly short of breath
Assessment of a patient with suicidal thoughts - ANSWER-1). Do you want to hurt
yourself or anyone else?
2). If yes, do you have a plan on how you want to do it?
3). If you have a plan, do you have the means to carry out that plan?
Assessment of carbon monoxide poisoning - ANSWER-symptoms include
Flu-like illness
Fatigue
Chest pain
Lethargy
Depression
