and Answers | 2026 Complete Study
Guide | Grade A+
• infiltration. CORRECT ANSWER: solution not an irritant seeps out of vein.
Swelling, blanchable, cool to touch
• thrombophlebitis. CORRECT ANSWER: Infusing too fast, not using sterile
technique when starting IV. Hard, tender, warm, swollen
• air embolus. CORRECT ANSWER: Allowing IV bag to run dry or hanging new
IV bag on a line that ran dry without clearing line of air or poor technique can be
causes. Decreases BP and increased heart rate, cyanosis, tachypnea, decreased
LOC, SOB, feeling of impending doom.
• Isotonic solution. CORRECT ANSWER: solute or solvent same osmolality as
body fluids. D5W, LR, NS. Used in pts. who are dehydrated without an electrolyte
imbalance. Watch for fluid overload.
• Hypotonic solution. CORRECT ANSWER: osmolality less than body fluids;
dilutes body fluids and moves H2O into cells. D5 0.45%NS, D5 1/2 NS. Causes
swelling. Contraindicated for pts. with increased ICP
• Hypertonic solution. CORRECT ANSWER: osmolality greater than body fluids;
increases osmolality and pulls H2O out of cells into extravascular space causing
them to shrivel. D10W, TPN, D20W, 3% NS. Monitor for circulatory overload;
dehydration. Contraindicated for kidney and heart pts.
, • 4 Types of Collaboration. CORRECT ANSWER: Nurse--Patient, Nurse--Nurse,
Inter-organizational, Inter-professional
• Nurse--Patient Collaboration. CORRECT ANSWER: Assess--Diagnose--
Outcomes Identification--Planning--Implementation--Evaluation
• Nurse--Nurse Collaboration. CORRECT ANSWER: mentoring, shared
governance (both making decisions)
• 4 Attributes of Collaboration. CORRECT ANSWER: 1) Values and Ethics
2) Teams and Teamwork
3) Communication
4) Roles and Responsibilies
• 6 Attributes of Leadership. CORRECT ANSWER: 1) Followers
2) Vision/Plan
3) Communication
4) Decision making
5) Change
6) Social Power
• Types of Social Power. CORRECT ANSWER: coercive, legitimate, referent,
reward, expert-novice, information
• Leadership. CORRECT ANSWER: an interactive process that provides needed
guidance and direction. 3 elements-follower, leader, situation