IST 190 EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE
home directory - Answers - location of the user's personal files
A process - Answers - uses numbered channels called file descriptors to get input and
send output.
Standard input - Answers - (channel 0) reads input from the keyboard
Standard output - Answers - (channel 1) sends normal output to the terminal.
Standard error - Answers - (channel 2) sends error messages to the terminal.
stdin - Answers - 0_standard input_keyboard_read only
stdout - Answers - 1_standard output_Terminal_write only
stderr - Answers - 2_Standard error_Terminal_write only
filename - Answers - 3+_other files_none_read and/or write
redirection - Answers - process output and error messages normally sent to the terminal
window can be captured as file contents, sent to a device, or discarded.
I/O redirection - Answers - replaces the default channel destinations with file names
representing either output files or devices.
>file - Answers - redirect stdout to overwrite a file
>>file - Answers - redirect stdout to append to a file
2>file - Answers - redirect stderr to overwrite a file
2>/dev/null - Answers - discard stderr error messages by redirecting to /dev/null
>file 2>&1 (&>file) - Answers - redirect stdout and stderr to overwrite the same fie
>>file 2>&1 (&>>file) - Answers - redirect stdout and stderr to append to the same file
pipeline - Answers - is a sequence of one or more commands separated by |, the pipe
character. allow the output of a process to be manipulated and formatted by other
processes before it is output to the terminal.
pipe - Answers - connects the standard output of the first command to the standard
input of the next command.
, a.redirection b.pipeline - Answers - When ____a___ is combined with a ___b___, the
shell first sets up the entire ___b___, then it redirects input/output.
2>/dev/null - Answers - display command output to terminal, ignore all errors
>file 2>file2 - Answers - send command output to file; errors to different file
&>file - Answers - send output and errors to the same new, empty file
>>file 2>&1 - Answers - send output and errors to the same file, but preserve existing
file content
&>/del/null - Answers - run a command, but throw away all possible terminal displays
| tee file - Answers - send command output to both the screen and a file at the same
time
> file 2> /dev/null - Answers - run command, save output in a file, discard error
messages
Vim - Answers - is an improved version of the vi editor distributed with Linux and UNIX
systems.is highly configurable and efficient for practiced users, including such features
as split screen editing, color formatting, and highlighting for editing text.
i - Answers - keystroke enters insert mode, where all text typed becomes file content.
Pressing Esc returns to command mode.
v - Answers - keystroke enters visual mode, where multiple characters may be selected
for text manipulation. Use V for multi-line and Ctrl+v for block selection.
: - Answers - keystroke begins extended command mode for tasks like writing the file to
save it, and quitting the Vim editor.
i,v, and : - Answers - The three modes of vim?
used for navigation, cut and paste, and other text manipulation - Answers - What is the
default mode in vim?
Alt+F2 and Type gedit and press enter - Answers - Describe two ways to open a file
with gedit.
Reason One: can be started without navigating the menu.
Reason Two: a full-featured text editor for the GNOME desktop environment.
Reason Three: to create a new file and easy to edit - Answers - what are three reasons
to use gedit as your text editor?
home directory - Answers - location of the user's personal files
A process - Answers - uses numbered channels called file descriptors to get input and
send output.
Standard input - Answers - (channel 0) reads input from the keyboard
Standard output - Answers - (channel 1) sends normal output to the terminal.
Standard error - Answers - (channel 2) sends error messages to the terminal.
stdin - Answers - 0_standard input_keyboard_read only
stdout - Answers - 1_standard output_Terminal_write only
stderr - Answers - 2_Standard error_Terminal_write only
filename - Answers - 3+_other files_none_read and/or write
redirection - Answers - process output and error messages normally sent to the terminal
window can be captured as file contents, sent to a device, or discarded.
I/O redirection - Answers - replaces the default channel destinations with file names
representing either output files or devices.
>file - Answers - redirect stdout to overwrite a file
>>file - Answers - redirect stdout to append to a file
2>file - Answers - redirect stderr to overwrite a file
2>/dev/null - Answers - discard stderr error messages by redirecting to /dev/null
>file 2>&1 (&>file) - Answers - redirect stdout and stderr to overwrite the same fie
>>file 2>&1 (&>>file) - Answers - redirect stdout and stderr to append to the same file
pipeline - Answers - is a sequence of one or more commands separated by |, the pipe
character. allow the output of a process to be manipulated and formatted by other
processes before it is output to the terminal.
pipe - Answers - connects the standard output of the first command to the standard
input of the next command.
, a.redirection b.pipeline - Answers - When ____a___ is combined with a ___b___, the
shell first sets up the entire ___b___, then it redirects input/output.
2>/dev/null - Answers - display command output to terminal, ignore all errors
>file 2>file2 - Answers - send command output to file; errors to different file
&>file - Answers - send output and errors to the same new, empty file
>>file 2>&1 - Answers - send output and errors to the same file, but preserve existing
file content
&>/del/null - Answers - run a command, but throw away all possible terminal displays
| tee file - Answers - send command output to both the screen and a file at the same
time
> file 2> /dev/null - Answers - run command, save output in a file, discard error
messages
Vim - Answers - is an improved version of the vi editor distributed with Linux and UNIX
systems.is highly configurable and efficient for practiced users, including such features
as split screen editing, color formatting, and highlighting for editing text.
i - Answers - keystroke enters insert mode, where all text typed becomes file content.
Pressing Esc returns to command mode.
v - Answers - keystroke enters visual mode, where multiple characters may be selected
for text manipulation. Use V for multi-line and Ctrl+v for block selection.
: - Answers - keystroke begins extended command mode for tasks like writing the file to
save it, and quitting the Vim editor.
i,v, and : - Answers - The three modes of vim?
used for navigation, cut and paste, and other text manipulation - Answers - What is the
default mode in vim?
Alt+F2 and Type gedit and press enter - Answers - Describe two ways to open a file
with gedit.
Reason One: can be started without navigating the menu.
Reason Two: a full-featured text editor for the GNOME desktop environment.
Reason Three: to create a new file and easy to edit - Answers - what are three reasons
to use gedit as your text editor?
