GUIDE WITH PRACTICE QUESTIONS,
ANSWERS, AND RATIONALES
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Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
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Rationales Included
, efferent fibers transmit impulses to organs from CNS
somatic nervous system voluntary control of skeletal muscles
ex: chewing food
autonomic (visceral) nervous system involuntarily controls the visceral muscles of organ systems like the digestive and
cardiovascular systems. Controls the contraction and relaxation of visceral
reflexes.
ex: digestion, heartbeat
sensory neurons gathers information and carries it to the CNS. The senses gather the information
that the sensory nervous system transmits
motor nerves carry impulses away from the CNS to the effectors
ventricles (brain) canals in the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid
cerebrospinal fluid Fluid in the space between the meninges that acts as a shock absorber that
protects the central nervous system.
cerebellum part of brain found at the very bottom (near neck) of the skull and coordinates
body movements, posture, and balance
brainstem found between the thalamus and the spinal cord. Lowest part of the brain.
Supports unconscious functions like breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure.
cerebrum Largest part of the brain; responsible for interpreting touch, speech, reasoning,
and emotions
cerebral cortex grey matter that surrounds the entire cerebrum
gyri ridges
sulci shallow grooves
fissures deep grooves in the brain
frontal lobe processes high level cognitive skills, reasoning, concentration, motor skills,
language.