iHUMAN CASE STUDY zm zm
Exam Solution zm
3. The Neurological Case 2026 A+ GRADE ASSURED CO
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MPLETE SOLUTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS (939AF) zm zm zm zm zm
QUESTION 1 zm
take history, neurological examination, localizing lesions
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ANSWER
How to work up a neuro case?
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QUESTION 2 zm
•Signalment: age, sex, breed (a lot of things are breed and age related) •Presenting co
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mplaint •Last normal •Progression of signs •History narrative: description of the anim
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al's abilities, disabilities, general health and daily routine -
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important to know how accurate age is (rescue vs got as puppy)
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ANSWER
Components of history? zm zm
QUESTION 3 zm
•Can he walk up/downstairs •Can he posture to defecate or urinate •Does he fall over
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mfrequently •Can he climb onto furniture
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ANSWER
Neuro specific questions about gait/posture?
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QUESTION 4 zm
•Response to commands •Changes in interactions with people/pets •Urination/defecati
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on accidents •Sleep pattern changes
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ANSWER
, Neuro specific questions about mental status?
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QUESTION 5 zm
•Recognizable trigger (pre- zm zm
ictal phase) •Time of the day, activity at or prior the onset of seizure activity (eating,
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exercise, etc) •Description of seizure event (partial seizures, mimicked things, videos
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very useful) •Single or multiple in a 24 hrs. period •Duration •Frequency •Duration of
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mrecovery period zm
ANSWER
Neuro specific questionsif seizures are the presenting complaint?
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QUESTION 6 zm
•Medications used: start/finish dates/doses (mg/kg) •Compliance: owners vs patient •
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Side effects •Adverse reactions •Serum levels if patient is on an anticonvulsant •Respo
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nse to physical rest if patient is presenting for a spinal cord/painful issue
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ANSWER
treatment history? zm
QUESTION 7 zm
•When did the owner acquire the pet/from where •Any major illnesses/trauma/surge
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ry •Any previous occurrences of the same issue, treatment and treatment response •A
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lways ask about other body systems: vomiting, diarrhea, coughing, sneezing, weight lo
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ss. • Regurgitation may appear as vomiting •Appetite change, ability to prehend food
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and to swallow, urination and defecation ability.
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ANSWER
Components of the history: other body systems? zm zm zm zm zm zm
QUESTION 8 zm
•Daily routine of the family: unrealistic for older owner to carry a heavy dog outside •
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Travel history: potential for infectious diseases •Environment: recent rearrangement o
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f furniture can exacerbate clinical signs of blindness. •Presence of other pets in the ho
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usehold: other animals may be affected by the same issue due to hereditary or enviro
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nmental factors (shared food) zm zm zm
ANSWER
Components of the history: environmental history that is important?
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Exam Solution zm
3. The Neurological Case 2026 A+ GRADE ASSURED CO
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MPLETE SOLUTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS (939AF) zm zm zm zm zm
QUESTION 1 zm
take history, neurological examination, localizing lesions
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ANSWER
How to work up a neuro case?
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QUESTION 2 zm
•Signalment: age, sex, breed (a lot of things are breed and age related) •Presenting co
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mplaint •Last normal •Progression of signs •History narrative: description of the anim
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al's abilities, disabilities, general health and daily routine -
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important to know how accurate age is (rescue vs got as puppy)
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ANSWER
Components of history? zm zm
QUESTION 3 zm
•Can he walk up/downstairs •Can he posture to defecate or urinate •Does he fall over
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mfrequently •Can he climb onto furniture
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ANSWER
Neuro specific questions about gait/posture?
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QUESTION 4 zm
•Response to commands •Changes in interactions with people/pets •Urination/defecati
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on accidents •Sleep pattern changes
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ANSWER
, Neuro specific questions about mental status?
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QUESTION 5 zm
•Recognizable trigger (pre- zm zm
ictal phase) •Time of the day, activity at or prior the onset of seizure activity (eating,
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exercise, etc) •Description of seizure event (partial seizures, mimicked things, videos
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very useful) •Single or multiple in a 24 hrs. period •Duration •Frequency •Duration of
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mrecovery period zm
ANSWER
Neuro specific questionsif seizures are the presenting complaint?
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QUESTION 6 zm
•Medications used: start/finish dates/doses (mg/kg) •Compliance: owners vs patient •
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Side effects •Adverse reactions •Serum levels if patient is on an anticonvulsant •Respo
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nse to physical rest if patient is presenting for a spinal cord/painful issue
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ANSWER
treatment history? zm
QUESTION 7 zm
•When did the owner acquire the pet/from where •Any major illnesses/trauma/surge
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ry •Any previous occurrences of the same issue, treatment and treatment response •A
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lways ask about other body systems: vomiting, diarrhea, coughing, sneezing, weight lo
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ss. • Regurgitation may appear as vomiting •Appetite change, ability to prehend food
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and to swallow, urination and defecation ability.
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ANSWER
Components of the history: other body systems? zm zm zm zm zm zm
QUESTION 8 zm
•Daily routine of the family: unrealistic for older owner to carry a heavy dog outside •
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Travel history: potential for infectious diseases •Environment: recent rearrangement o
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f furniture can exacerbate clinical signs of blindness. •Presence of other pets in the ho
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usehold: other animals may be affected by the same issue due to hereditary or enviro
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nmental factors (shared food) zm zm zm
ANSWER
Components of the history: environmental history that is important?
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