WGU D440 HESI NUTRITION PRACTICE TEST 1 – NUTRITION CONCEPTS, THERAPEUTIC DIETS, VITAMINS &
ENTERAL NUTRITION REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ VERIFIED LATEST VERSION
1. Which vitamins are classified as fat-soluble?: Vitamins A, D, E, and K are classified as
fat-soluble vitamins.
2. What can happen with excess intake of fat-soluble vitamins?: Excess intake can lead
to toxicity because they can be stored in the body.
3. Which food choice enhances iron absorption for a client with iron deficiency
anemia?: Orange juice enhances iron absorption due to its vitamin C content.
4. What items are appropriate for a clear liquid diet?: Bouillon, clear fruit juices without pulp,
and gelatin are appropriate for a clear liquid diet.
5. What is the indication for enteral nutrition?: Enteral nutrition is indicated when oral intake
is not meeting estimated nutrient needs but the GI tract is functional.
6. What dietary recommendation should be emphasized for a client with dia-
betes mellitus?: Consume a consistent amount of carbohydrates each day.
7. What condition results from a deficiency in Vitamin C?: Scurvy, characterized by swollen,
bleeding gums and poor wound healing.
8. What dietary modifications are expected for a client with chronic kidney
disease not on dialysis?: Fluid restriction, low sodium intake, and low phosphorus intake are expected
dietary modifications.
9. Why should high glycemic index foods be avoided in diabetes manage-
ment?: They raise blood glucose levels rapidly.
10. What is the protein intake recommendation for clients with chronic kidney
disease?: Controlled amounts of protein, typically 0.6-0.8 g/kg/day.
11. What is the role of vitamin C in iron absorption?: Vitamin C enhances the absorption of
iron when consumed together.
12. What types of liquids are excluded from a clear liquid diet?: Opaque liquids such
as plain ice cream and milk are excluded.
13. What is the primary goal of a carbohydrate-consistent diet for diabetes?: To
maintain a consistent intake of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins each day.
14. What is the recommended sodium intake for a renal diet in CKD?: Sodium intake
is typically restricted to 2 grams per day.
15. What is the significance of a high risk for aspiration in enteral nutrition?: It
may influence the type of enteral tube used, but does not negate the indication for enteral nutrition.
16. What are the symptoms of scurvy?: Swollen, bleeding gums and poor wound healing.
, WGU D440 HESI NUTRITION PRACTICE TEST 1 – NUTRITION CONCEPTS, THERAPEUTIC DIETS, VITAMINS &
ENTERAL NUTRITION REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ VERIFIED LATEST VERSION
17. How does calcium intake affect iron absorption?: Calcium can decrease iron absorption
when consumed concurrently.
18. What are the characteristics of a clear liquid diet?: Items must be transparent to light
and easily digested.
19. What is the potassium intake recommendation for clients with chronic
kidney disease?: Potassium intake is typically restricted to less than 2.4 g/day.
20. What is the role of nonstarchy vegetables in a diabetic diet?: They should be
emphasized to provide nutrients without raising blood glucose levels.
21. What is the impact of refined grains and added sugars in a diabetic diet?: They
should be minimized to maintain better blood glucose control.
22. What is the purpose of enteral nutrition?: To provide liquefied foods into the GI tract via a
tube when oral intake is insuflcient.
23. What is the recommended phosphorus intake for a renal diet in CKD?: Phos-
phorus intake is typically controlled to 800-1000 mg/day.
24. What dietary sources are high in calcium?: Primary sources include dairy products (milk,
cheese, yogurt), tofu, green leafy vegetables (broccoli, collards, kale, spinach), salmon, sardines, almonds, Brazil nuts,
sunflower seeds, tahini, and dried beans.
25. Which foods should a client with dysphagia include in their diet?: A mechanical
soft diet with thickened liquids is recommended to minimize chewing and swallowing diflculties.
26. What condition is a direct cause of Vitamin B12 deficiency?: Pernicious anemia,
which impairs B12 absorption due to a lack of intrinsic factor.
27. Which food should a client on a low-purine diet restrict?: Organ meats, as they are
high in purines which can lead to elevated uric acid levels.
28. What food is high in potassium that a client with renal disease should
limit?: Bananas, which are high in potassium.
29. What foods should a client with celiac disease avoid?: Foods containing gluten,
specifically wheat, barley, and oats.
30. What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?: To serve as the
preferred source of energy for the brain and muscles.
31. What should be verified before administering bolus enteral tube feedings?-
: Bowel sounds should be verified to ensure proper gastrointestinal function.
ENTERAL NUTRITION REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ VERIFIED LATEST VERSION
1. Which vitamins are classified as fat-soluble?: Vitamins A, D, E, and K are classified as
fat-soluble vitamins.
2. What can happen with excess intake of fat-soluble vitamins?: Excess intake can lead
to toxicity because they can be stored in the body.
3. Which food choice enhances iron absorption for a client with iron deficiency
anemia?: Orange juice enhances iron absorption due to its vitamin C content.
4. What items are appropriate for a clear liquid diet?: Bouillon, clear fruit juices without pulp,
and gelatin are appropriate for a clear liquid diet.
5. What is the indication for enteral nutrition?: Enteral nutrition is indicated when oral intake
is not meeting estimated nutrient needs but the GI tract is functional.
6. What dietary recommendation should be emphasized for a client with dia-
betes mellitus?: Consume a consistent amount of carbohydrates each day.
7. What condition results from a deficiency in Vitamin C?: Scurvy, characterized by swollen,
bleeding gums and poor wound healing.
8. What dietary modifications are expected for a client with chronic kidney
disease not on dialysis?: Fluid restriction, low sodium intake, and low phosphorus intake are expected
dietary modifications.
9. Why should high glycemic index foods be avoided in diabetes manage-
ment?: They raise blood glucose levels rapidly.
10. What is the protein intake recommendation for clients with chronic kidney
disease?: Controlled amounts of protein, typically 0.6-0.8 g/kg/day.
11. What is the role of vitamin C in iron absorption?: Vitamin C enhances the absorption of
iron when consumed together.
12. What types of liquids are excluded from a clear liquid diet?: Opaque liquids such
as plain ice cream and milk are excluded.
13. What is the primary goal of a carbohydrate-consistent diet for diabetes?: To
maintain a consistent intake of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins each day.
14. What is the recommended sodium intake for a renal diet in CKD?: Sodium intake
is typically restricted to 2 grams per day.
15. What is the significance of a high risk for aspiration in enteral nutrition?: It
may influence the type of enteral tube used, but does not negate the indication for enteral nutrition.
16. What are the symptoms of scurvy?: Swollen, bleeding gums and poor wound healing.
, WGU D440 HESI NUTRITION PRACTICE TEST 1 – NUTRITION CONCEPTS, THERAPEUTIC DIETS, VITAMINS &
ENTERAL NUTRITION REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ VERIFIED LATEST VERSION
17. How does calcium intake affect iron absorption?: Calcium can decrease iron absorption
when consumed concurrently.
18. What are the characteristics of a clear liquid diet?: Items must be transparent to light
and easily digested.
19. What is the potassium intake recommendation for clients with chronic
kidney disease?: Potassium intake is typically restricted to less than 2.4 g/day.
20. What is the role of nonstarchy vegetables in a diabetic diet?: They should be
emphasized to provide nutrients without raising blood glucose levels.
21. What is the impact of refined grains and added sugars in a diabetic diet?: They
should be minimized to maintain better blood glucose control.
22. What is the purpose of enteral nutrition?: To provide liquefied foods into the GI tract via a
tube when oral intake is insuflcient.
23. What is the recommended phosphorus intake for a renal diet in CKD?: Phos-
phorus intake is typically controlled to 800-1000 mg/day.
24. What dietary sources are high in calcium?: Primary sources include dairy products (milk,
cheese, yogurt), tofu, green leafy vegetables (broccoli, collards, kale, spinach), salmon, sardines, almonds, Brazil nuts,
sunflower seeds, tahini, and dried beans.
25. Which foods should a client with dysphagia include in their diet?: A mechanical
soft diet with thickened liquids is recommended to minimize chewing and swallowing diflculties.
26. What condition is a direct cause of Vitamin B12 deficiency?: Pernicious anemia,
which impairs B12 absorption due to a lack of intrinsic factor.
27. Which food should a client on a low-purine diet restrict?: Organ meats, as they are
high in purines which can lead to elevated uric acid levels.
28. What food is high in potassium that a client with renal disease should
limit?: Bananas, which are high in potassium.
29. What foods should a client with celiac disease avoid?: Foods containing gluten,
specifically wheat, barley, and oats.
30. What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?: To serve as the
preferred source of energy for the brain and muscles.
31. What should be verified before administering bolus enteral tube feedings?-
: Bowel sounds should be verified to ensure proper gastrointestinal function.
