PCCN CERTIFICATION EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
- 2027
The ____ wave is the result of atrial contraction and can be found in
the PR interval - ANSWERS-A
The A wave is used to estimate the ____________ - ANSWERS-
central venous pressure (CVP)
The _____ wave is due to the closure of the tricuspid and mitral
valves - ANSWERS-C
the ______ wave is due to atrial filling and the bulging of tricuspid
and mitral valves into the atrium - ANSWERS-V
in the patient presenting with symptoms of left ventricular
dysfunction (HF, MI), relief is obtained by improving the ______ of
the heart (inotropic therapy) - ANSWERS-strength
the inotrope most commonly used is - ANSWERS-dobutamine
dobutamine stimulates beta cells which in turn strengthens _______
and makes the heart beat ______ - ANSWERS-contraction; faster
, digitalis preparations such as digoxin are not used in ______
situations - ANSWERS-acute
the strength of the heart might be improved if overstretched
myocardial muscle fibers can be allowed to shrink back to normal;
this is accomplished through _______________ - ANSWERS-preload
reduction
Preload reduction is done through ______ or with ______ -
ANSWERS-vasodilators; diuretics
one of the best methods for improving cardiac performance is to
reduce the work that the heart must do to eject blood; this is known as
______ - ANSWERS-after load
common vasodilators include: - ANSWERS-nitroglycerin, diltiazem,
nifedipine
common calcium channel blockers include: - ANSWERS-diltiazem,
nifedipine, nicardipine
common ACE inhibitors include: - ANSWERS-captopril, enalapril,
lisinopril
common beta blockers include: - ANSWERS-atenolol, carvedilol,
metoprolol, propranolol
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
- 2027
The ____ wave is the result of atrial contraction and can be found in
the PR interval - ANSWERS-A
The A wave is used to estimate the ____________ - ANSWERS-
central venous pressure (CVP)
The _____ wave is due to the closure of the tricuspid and mitral
valves - ANSWERS-C
the ______ wave is due to atrial filling and the bulging of tricuspid
and mitral valves into the atrium - ANSWERS-V
in the patient presenting with symptoms of left ventricular
dysfunction (HF, MI), relief is obtained by improving the ______ of
the heart (inotropic therapy) - ANSWERS-strength
the inotrope most commonly used is - ANSWERS-dobutamine
dobutamine stimulates beta cells which in turn strengthens _______
and makes the heart beat ______ - ANSWERS-contraction; faster
, digitalis preparations such as digoxin are not used in ______
situations - ANSWERS-acute
the strength of the heart might be improved if overstretched
myocardial muscle fibers can be allowed to shrink back to normal;
this is accomplished through _______________ - ANSWERS-preload
reduction
Preload reduction is done through ______ or with ______ -
ANSWERS-vasodilators; diuretics
one of the best methods for improving cardiac performance is to
reduce the work that the heart must do to eject blood; this is known as
______ - ANSWERS-after load
common vasodilators include: - ANSWERS-nitroglycerin, diltiazem,
nifedipine
common calcium channel blockers include: - ANSWERS-diltiazem,
nifedipine, nicardipine
common ACE inhibitors include: - ANSWERS-captopril, enalapril,
lisinopril
common beta blockers include: - ANSWERS-atenolol, carvedilol,
metoprolol, propranolol
