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1. A 32-year-old female presents with a 6-month history of depressed mood,
anhedonia, significant weight loss, insomnia, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness,
and diminished ability to think or concentrate. She denies any history of mania or
hypomania. Which of the following is the most appropriate diagnosis?
A. Persistent depressive disorder
B. Major depressive disorder, single episode
C. Adjustment disorder with depressed mood
D. Major depressive disorder, recurrent episode
CORRECT ANSWER: B – *Rationale: The patient meets DSM-5-TR criteria for
major depressive disorder with at least five symptoms (depressed mood,
anhedonia, weight loss, insomnia, fatigue, worthlessness, poor concentration)
present for 6 months. No prior episodes are indicated, so "single episode" is
correct. *
2. A 45-year-old male reports episodes of sudden intense fear, palpitations,
sweating, trembling, shortness of breath, and a feeling of losing control. These
episodes peak within 10 minutes and have occurred unexpectedly four times in the
past month. He now avoids exercise and crowds for fear of an episode. What is the
most accurate diagnosis?
A. Generalized anxiety disorder
B. Social anxiety disorder
C. Panic disorder
D. Agoraphobia without panic disorder
,CORRECT ANSWER: C – Rationale: Recurrent unexpected panic attacks
followed by at least one month of maladaptive avoidance behavior (avoiding
exercise, crowds) meets criteria for panic disorder. Agoraphobia may be present
but is not the primary diagnosis without panic.
3. A 28-year-old woman with no prior psychiatric history presents with a 3-day
history of elevated mood, grandiosity, decreased need for sleep, pressured speech,
and increased goal-directed activity. Symptoms began abruptly following a cross-
country flight. She denies psychosis but reports feeling "better than ever." Which
diagnosis is most likely?
A. Bipolar I disorder, manic episode
B. Bipolar II disorder, hypomanic episode
C. Cyclothymic disorder
D. Substance/medication-induced bipolar disorder
CORRECT ANSWER: D – Rationale: The abrupt onset after a cross-country flight
raises suspicion for jet lag or possible substance use (e.g., stimulants, caffeine, or
other substances). A full substance history is needed; however, the temporal
relationship suggests an induced etiology.
4. A 60-year-old male with a history of hypertension presents with persistent worry
about his health for the past 8 months. He fears having a brain tumor despite
normal neurological exams. He spends hours checking his body for lumps and
repeatedly asks for MRI scans. Which is the most appropriate diagnosis?
A. Somatic symptom disorder
B. Illness anxiety disorder
C. Generalized anxiety disorder
D. Obsessive-compulsive disorder
CORRECT ANSWER: B – *Rationale: Illness anxiety disorder is characterized by
preoccupation with having or acquiring a serious illness, minimal somatic
,symptoms, high health anxiety, and excessive health-related behaviors (checking,
reassurance seeking) for at least 6 months. *
5. A 19-year-old college student reports recurrent episodes of binge eating (eating
large amounts of food in 2 hours with loss of control) twice weekly for 3 months.
He then self-induces vomiting and uses laxatives. He is at normal body weight.
Which diagnosis is correct?
A. Anorexia nervosa, binge-purge type
B. Bulimia nervosa
C. Binge-eating disorder
D. Purging disorder
CORRECT ANSWER: B – *Rationale: Bulimia nervosa requires recurrent binge
eating followed by inappropriate compensatory behaviors (vomiting, laxatives) at
least once weekly for 3 months, with self-evaluation unduly influenced by body
shape/weight, and not occurring exclusively during anorexia nervosa. *
6. A 50-year-old homeless male is brought to the ED after being found confused
and disoriented. He appears thin, with poor hygiene. He reports hearing God telling
him to give away his money. He cannot recall recent events and believes hospital
staff are trying to poison him. Which diagnosis is most likely?
A. Delirium
B. Schizophrenia
C. Major neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimer's disease
D. Schizoaffective disorder
CORRECT ANSWER: A – Rationale: Acute onset confusion, disorientation,
impaired attention, and perceptual disturbances in a homeless individual suggest
delirium, often due to medical illness, infection, or substance withdrawal.
Hallucinations and delusions can occur but are secondary to altered consciousness.
, 7. A 35-year-old woman reports chronic feelings of emptiness, unstable
relationships, impulsive spending, recurrent suicidal gestures, and intense anger.
Symptoms have been present since early adulthood across multiple contexts.
Which personality disorder best fits?
A. Histrionic personality disorder
B. Narcissistic personality disorder
C. Borderline personality disorder
D. Antisocial personality disorder
CORRECT ANSWER: C – Rationale: Borderline personality disorder criteria
include chronic emptiness, unstable relationships, impulsivity, suicidal gestures,
affective instability, and intense anger. Differentiated from histrionic by
predominance of emptiness and self-harm.
8. A 72-year-old male with Parkinson’s disease develops visual hallucinations of
small animals on the bedroom floor. He maintains insight that they are not real but
becomes occasionally frightened. He has progressive cognitive decline. What is the
most likely diagnosis?
A. Delirium
B. Dementia with Lowy bodies
C. Schizophrenia, late onset
D. Major neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimer’s
CORRECT ANSWER: B – Rationale: Dementia with Lowy bodies is
characterized by visual hallucinations (often well-formed, recurring),
Parkinsonism, and fluctuating cognition. Core features are present before or
concurrent with dementia.
9. A 24-year-old veteran returns from deployment with nightmares, flashbacks,
hypervigilance, and avoidance of crowded places. Symptoms started 2 months ago
after a convoy explosion where he sustained minor injuries. Symptoms last for 6
weeks so far. Which diagnosis is correct?