NSG 530 Exam 2 Module 3,4,5 review
(Latest ) Advanced
Pathophysiology Questions and Verified
Answers 100% Correct (Grade A )- Wilkes
Vascular Aneurysm most commonly occurs _____________? - correct answer thoracic or
abdominal aorta
Thrombus formation - correct answer blood clot that remains attached to the vessel
wall
Risk factors for thrombus formation - correct answer endocarditis, RA disease, injury,
recent surgery or trauma
Embolism - correct answer Blockage of a vessel by a clot or foreign material brought
to the site by the blood current.
,Types of emboli - correct answer 1. Blood Clot (Thrombus) most common cause -
usually thrombus originates in deep calf veins.
2. Tissue Fragment
3. Fat emboli
4. Air bubble
Thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger disease) - correct answer Rare inflammatory
condition affecting small and medium-size arteries and veins of upper and lower
extremities resulting in varying degrees of obstruction
Treatment entails smoking cessation (if applicable) and use of prostaglandins
Raynaud's disease - correct answer a peripheral arterial occlusive disease in which
intermittent attacks are triggered by cold or stress
Primary Raynaud Phenomenon - correct answer vasospastic disorder of unknown
origin
,Secondary Raynaud phenomenon - correct answer -Secondary to other systemic
diseases or conditions:
-Collagen vascular disease
-Smoking
-Pulmonary hypertension
-Myxedema
-Cold environment
-Manifestations include pallor, cyanosis, cold, pain
Raynaud's s/s - correct answer Fingers pale, cyanotic, red as circulation returns, and
with tingling or throbbing pain.
Artherosclerosis - correct answer Hardening and narrowing of the arteries due to
buildup of cholesterol plaques
Arteriosclerosis - correct answer abnormal hardening of the walls of an artery or
arteries
, Risk factors for arteriosclerosis - correct answer DM, smoking, increased LDL,
decreased HDL, HTN, autoimmunity
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) - correct answer disease of the arteries in the arms
and legs, resulting in narrowing or complete obstruction of the artery
Intermittent claudication - correct answer pain and discomfort in calf muscles while
walking; a condition seen in peripheral arterial disease
Coronary artery disease (CAD) - correct answer atherosclerosis of the coronary
arteries that reduces the blood supply to the heart muscle
Primary cause of heart disease in US - correct answer coronary artery disease
CAD conventional risk factors - correct answer -nonmodifiable (increased age, family
hx, male gender, women after menopause)
-modifiable (dyslipidemia, HTN, smoking, DM, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, atherogenic)
(Latest ) Advanced
Pathophysiology Questions and Verified
Answers 100% Correct (Grade A )- Wilkes
Vascular Aneurysm most commonly occurs _____________? - correct answer thoracic or
abdominal aorta
Thrombus formation - correct answer blood clot that remains attached to the vessel
wall
Risk factors for thrombus formation - correct answer endocarditis, RA disease, injury,
recent surgery or trauma
Embolism - correct answer Blockage of a vessel by a clot or foreign material brought
to the site by the blood current.
,Types of emboli - correct answer 1. Blood Clot (Thrombus) most common cause -
usually thrombus originates in deep calf veins.
2. Tissue Fragment
3. Fat emboli
4. Air bubble
Thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger disease) - correct answer Rare inflammatory
condition affecting small and medium-size arteries and veins of upper and lower
extremities resulting in varying degrees of obstruction
Treatment entails smoking cessation (if applicable) and use of prostaglandins
Raynaud's disease - correct answer a peripheral arterial occlusive disease in which
intermittent attacks are triggered by cold or stress
Primary Raynaud Phenomenon - correct answer vasospastic disorder of unknown
origin
,Secondary Raynaud phenomenon - correct answer -Secondary to other systemic
diseases or conditions:
-Collagen vascular disease
-Smoking
-Pulmonary hypertension
-Myxedema
-Cold environment
-Manifestations include pallor, cyanosis, cold, pain
Raynaud's s/s - correct answer Fingers pale, cyanotic, red as circulation returns, and
with tingling or throbbing pain.
Artherosclerosis - correct answer Hardening and narrowing of the arteries due to
buildup of cholesterol plaques
Arteriosclerosis - correct answer abnormal hardening of the walls of an artery or
arteries
, Risk factors for arteriosclerosis - correct answer DM, smoking, increased LDL,
decreased HDL, HTN, autoimmunity
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) - correct answer disease of the arteries in the arms
and legs, resulting in narrowing or complete obstruction of the artery
Intermittent claudication - correct answer pain and discomfort in calf muscles while
walking; a condition seen in peripheral arterial disease
Coronary artery disease (CAD) - correct answer atherosclerosis of the coronary
arteries that reduces the blood supply to the heart muscle
Primary cause of heart disease in US - correct answer coronary artery disease
CAD conventional risk factors - correct answer -nonmodifiable (increased age, family
hx, male gender, women after menopause)
-modifiable (dyslipidemia, HTN, smoking, DM, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, atherogenic)
