properties and characteristics of materials in
engineering
1.The fields of application of a particular engineering material are
governed by the characteristics and various properties of that
engineering material.
These are required to evaluate the condition of the material without
any external force acting on it.
2.Mechanical Properties
The characteristics governing the behavior of material when external
forces are applied are included in these properties.
3.Chemical Properties
The chemical properties of the material suggest the tendency of the
material to combine with other substances, its reactivity, solubility
and effects like corrosion, chemical composition, acidity, alkalinity,
etc.
4.Electrical Properties
These properties signify the ability of the material to resist the flow of
an electric current and they include conductivity, dielectric strength
and resistivity.
5.Magnetic Properties
The study of magnetic properties of the material like permeability,
hysteresis and coercive force is required when it is to be used for
generators, transformers, etc.
6.Optical Properties
, When the material is to be used for the optical work, the knowledge
of its optical properties like color, light transmission, refractive index,
reflectivity, etc. is necessary. When light strikes any material, it
interacts with its atoms and causes various types of effects. The light
may be reflected, refracted, scattered or absorbed. The study of light
in materials and how to use this behavior to control the various light
effects is called optics.
7.Thermal Properties
The knowledge of thermal properties of the material like specific
heat, thermal expansion and conductivity is helpful in knowing the
response of the material to the thermal changes. Thus, suitable
materials can be selected to withstand fluctuating and high
temperatures.
8.Technological Properties
The properties of metals and alloys which have a bearing on their
processing or application are called technological properties.
Castability, machinability, weldability and workability are some of the
significant technological properties of metals and alloys.
Out of all such properties, the physical properties and mechanical
properties are particularly very important to a construction engineer.
Physical Properties of Engineering Materials
Following terms in connection with the physical properties of
engineering materials are defined and explained:
1.Bulk density
It is used to mean the mass of a unit volume of material in its natural
state i.e. including pores and voids.
engineering
1.The fields of application of a particular engineering material are
governed by the characteristics and various properties of that
engineering material.
These are required to evaluate the condition of the material without
any external force acting on it.
2.Mechanical Properties
The characteristics governing the behavior of material when external
forces are applied are included in these properties.
3.Chemical Properties
The chemical properties of the material suggest the tendency of the
material to combine with other substances, its reactivity, solubility
and effects like corrosion, chemical composition, acidity, alkalinity,
etc.
4.Electrical Properties
These properties signify the ability of the material to resist the flow of
an electric current and they include conductivity, dielectric strength
and resistivity.
5.Magnetic Properties
The study of magnetic properties of the material like permeability,
hysteresis and coercive force is required when it is to be used for
generators, transformers, etc.
6.Optical Properties
, When the material is to be used for the optical work, the knowledge
of its optical properties like color, light transmission, refractive index,
reflectivity, etc. is necessary. When light strikes any material, it
interacts with its atoms and causes various types of effects. The light
may be reflected, refracted, scattered or absorbed. The study of light
in materials and how to use this behavior to control the various light
effects is called optics.
7.Thermal Properties
The knowledge of thermal properties of the material like specific
heat, thermal expansion and conductivity is helpful in knowing the
response of the material to the thermal changes. Thus, suitable
materials can be selected to withstand fluctuating and high
temperatures.
8.Technological Properties
The properties of metals and alloys which have a bearing on their
processing or application are called technological properties.
Castability, machinability, weldability and workability are some of the
significant technological properties of metals and alloys.
Out of all such properties, the physical properties and mechanical
properties are particularly very important to a construction engineer.
Physical Properties of Engineering Materials
Following terms in connection with the physical properties of
engineering materials are defined and explained:
1.Bulk density
It is used to mean the mass of a unit volume of material in its natural
state i.e. including pores and voids.
