PSY 316 - EXAM 3 QUIZ QUESTIONS & VERIFIED
ANSWERS
Describe the phenomenon of categorical perception. Specifically, what stimuli are used
and what major effect is observed? - Answers - Categorical perception states that a
person will have an easier time listening to the differences between categories of
sounds rather than the variations between a category of sounds. For example, people
would be able to notice the difference between a |k| sound with a |g| sound, but not so
much with a |ba| sound that's distorted a bit to sound like a |pa| sound.
A property of language called ________ means that new words can be formed and
words can get new meanings. - Answers - Generativity
The _______ effect is observed when a short burst of noise prevents some speech
sounds from being heard, and let listeners perceive the speech without noticing the
disruption. - Answers - Phonemic restoration
In ordinary speech production, the boundaries between syllables or between words are
usually
marked by slight loudness changes.
marked by slight changes in pitch.
marked by momentary pauses.
not marked, so they must be determined by the perceiver. - Answers - Not marked, so
they must be determined by the perceived
_____ processes refer to knowing what words sounds like.
pragmatic
semantic
orthographic
phonological - Answers - Phonological
Which of the following provides an example of phrase structure ambiguity?
He paid a lot for the ball. (Was it a round toy or a formal party?)
She loves a good whine. (This can be heard as "a good wine.")
I saw the bear with my binoculars. (Who had the binoculars?)
We saw it. (The reference of "it" is unspecified.) - Answers - I saw the bear with my
binoculars. (Who had the binoculars?)
In the dual-route model of reading, the _________ route allows you to read new or
made up words.
lexical
consistent
neighborhood
, non-lexical - Answers - Non-lexical
Compare and contrast the linguistic functions of Broca's and Wernicke's areas. Include
in your discussion the behavioral changes that are associated with damage to the
areas. - Answers - Broca's area is important with language and speech
comprehension/production. Damage to Broca's area typically causes a person to not be
able to write or speak, but they can understand language they hear. It causes slow and
non-fluent speech where people tend to leave out pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions,
helping verbs, tense and number endings. Speech comprehension is also relatively
spared. Wernicke's area allows us to understand and interpret language. Damage to
Wernicke's area causes a person to be able to speak freely but their speech makes very
little sense.
_________ is shared knowledge and beliefs between a speaker and a listener. -
Answers - Common ground
Chomsky proposed a(n) __________, a set of innate, abstract linguistic
rules/parameters about what is possible in human language. - Answers - universal
grammar
Participant M speaks a language with a variety of color words, while Participant Q
speaks a language that only differentiates between light and dark. Who is more likely to
have more specific color discrimination?
They will have equal color perception.
Participant M
Participant Q
We cannot tell based on this evidence. - Answers - Participant M
Some evidence on bilingual children suggests that a bilingual child might find which of
the following activities easier than a monolingual child?
reading a garden-path sentence out loud
memorizing the definitions of a long list of vocabulary words all at once
switching rapidly between counting and reading
segmenting speech in a foreign language - Answers - Switching rapidly between
counting and reading
Barbara is 16 years old and of normal intelligence. She has a specific difficulty reading,
and manipulating speech sounds. Barbara's most likely diagnosis is:
dyslexia.
Developmental Language Disorder.
alexia sine agraphia.
Broca's area. - Answers - Dyslexia
Research suggests that genetic factors contribute to language acquisition. For example,
some people have an inherited syndrome known as specific language impairment.
These people typically
ANSWERS
Describe the phenomenon of categorical perception. Specifically, what stimuli are used
and what major effect is observed? - Answers - Categorical perception states that a
person will have an easier time listening to the differences between categories of
sounds rather than the variations between a category of sounds. For example, people
would be able to notice the difference between a |k| sound with a |g| sound, but not so
much with a |ba| sound that's distorted a bit to sound like a |pa| sound.
A property of language called ________ means that new words can be formed and
words can get new meanings. - Answers - Generativity
The _______ effect is observed when a short burst of noise prevents some speech
sounds from being heard, and let listeners perceive the speech without noticing the
disruption. - Answers - Phonemic restoration
In ordinary speech production, the boundaries between syllables or between words are
usually
marked by slight loudness changes.
marked by slight changes in pitch.
marked by momentary pauses.
not marked, so they must be determined by the perceiver. - Answers - Not marked, so
they must be determined by the perceived
_____ processes refer to knowing what words sounds like.
pragmatic
semantic
orthographic
phonological - Answers - Phonological
Which of the following provides an example of phrase structure ambiguity?
He paid a lot for the ball. (Was it a round toy or a formal party?)
She loves a good whine. (This can be heard as "a good wine.")
I saw the bear with my binoculars. (Who had the binoculars?)
We saw it. (The reference of "it" is unspecified.) - Answers - I saw the bear with my
binoculars. (Who had the binoculars?)
In the dual-route model of reading, the _________ route allows you to read new or
made up words.
lexical
consistent
neighborhood
, non-lexical - Answers - Non-lexical
Compare and contrast the linguistic functions of Broca's and Wernicke's areas. Include
in your discussion the behavioral changes that are associated with damage to the
areas. - Answers - Broca's area is important with language and speech
comprehension/production. Damage to Broca's area typically causes a person to not be
able to write or speak, but they can understand language they hear. It causes slow and
non-fluent speech where people tend to leave out pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions,
helping verbs, tense and number endings. Speech comprehension is also relatively
spared. Wernicke's area allows us to understand and interpret language. Damage to
Wernicke's area causes a person to be able to speak freely but their speech makes very
little sense.
_________ is shared knowledge and beliefs between a speaker and a listener. -
Answers - Common ground
Chomsky proposed a(n) __________, a set of innate, abstract linguistic
rules/parameters about what is possible in human language. - Answers - universal
grammar
Participant M speaks a language with a variety of color words, while Participant Q
speaks a language that only differentiates between light and dark. Who is more likely to
have more specific color discrimination?
They will have equal color perception.
Participant M
Participant Q
We cannot tell based on this evidence. - Answers - Participant M
Some evidence on bilingual children suggests that a bilingual child might find which of
the following activities easier than a monolingual child?
reading a garden-path sentence out loud
memorizing the definitions of a long list of vocabulary words all at once
switching rapidly between counting and reading
segmenting speech in a foreign language - Answers - Switching rapidly between
counting and reading
Barbara is 16 years old and of normal intelligence. She has a specific difficulty reading,
and manipulating speech sounds. Barbara's most likely diagnosis is:
dyslexia.
Developmental Language Disorder.
alexia sine agraphia.
Broca's area. - Answers - Dyslexia
Research suggests that genetic factors contribute to language acquisition. For example,
some people have an inherited syndrome known as specific language impairment.
These people typically
