NURS 5461 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

NURS 5461 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Microcytic anemia - ans-iron deficiency, usually due to malabsorption /
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occult blood loss, or lead poisoning. MCV <80
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Normocytic anemia - ans-due to hemorrhage or chronic disease. Aplastic anemia. MVC 80-
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92

macrocytic anemia - ans- fz fz fzfz




due to folate or vitamin B12(cobalamin) deficiency (megaloblastic anemia) /
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pernicious anemia. /liver diseases
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serum ferritin - ans- fz fz fzfz




Tests for iron stores. As serum ferritin falls, TIBC rises, and serum iron levels will eventually f
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all.

Anemia of chronic disease - ans- fz fz fz fz fzfz




NORMOcytic anemia with ↓ serum iron, ↓ TIBC, and normal iron stores. Treat with epoetin a fz fz fz fz fz fz fz fz fz fz fz fz fz fz fz




nd give an iron supplement
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Schistocytes - ans-Associated with hemolytic uremia syndrome fz fzfz fz fz fz fz




pernicious anemia - ans- fz fz fzfz




Macrocytic anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency. B12 is essential to maturation of eryth
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rocytes - fz




low levels will cause the RBC to expand. PPIs and histamine2 blockers can cause this.
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Increased homocysteine & methylmalonic acid level indicates ? - ans-B12 deficiency
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increased homocysteine levels - ans-Folate deficiency fz fz fz fzfz fz




Sperocytes - ans- fz fzfz




Appear as spheres, lack central pallor, smaller diameter, indicate immune-
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mediated process - can be seen after blood transfusion fz fz fz fz fz fz fz fz




aplastic anemia - ans- fz fz fzfz




a normocytic anemia characterized by the failure of bone marrow to produce red blood cells
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Low ferritin - ans-iron deficiency anemia
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, Transferrin - ans-transports iron fz fzfz fz




TIBC (total iron binding capacity) - ans-
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Available transferrin that is left unbound (Represents the "empty seats on a train"). When iro
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n is low, TIBC will be high. When iron is high, TIBC will be low
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MCHC (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration) - ans-32 - 36 g/dL
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Concentration of hemoglobin per RBC fz fz fz fz




Alzheimer's disease - ans- fz fz fzfz




Gradual onset with early memory impairment. Most common form of dementia. Cholinester
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ase inhibitors for early treatment.
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Lewy body dementia - ans- fz fz fz fzfz




usually a rapidly progressive form of dementia seen with Parkinson syndrome. -
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VISUAL HALLUCINATION ARE SEEN.
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frontal lobe dementia - ans-Seen before age 60 w personality impairments. PDG-
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PET Scan testing. - decreased glucose uptake by the brain in frontal and temporal lobe
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PDG-PET SCAN - ans- fz fz fzfz




Measure brain metabolism of glucose. decreaesd uptake by temporal and parital lobe in Alz
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heimer's

SSRIs - ans-Fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertraline, citalopram.
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Cholinesterase inhibitors - ans-Donepezil fz fz fzfz




Rivastigmine
Galantamine

Cholinesterase inhibitors - ans- fz fz fzfz




Treatment of alzheimers dementia and dementia w Lewy body's - fz fz fz fz fz fz fz fz fz




can reduce psychosis & behavior disturbances
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delirium - ans-Acute onset confusion caused by cholinergic deficiency /
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Anticholinergic overdose. HALDO TREATMENT OF CHOICE UNLESS PT HAS PARKINS
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ONS OR DEMENTIA W LEWY BODYS - USE QUETIAPINE
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For Mania in dementia use - ans-Divalproex (depokote)
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1st recommended treatment for depression - ans-Exercise
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Bipolar depression treatment - ans-mood stabilizer - lamotrigine 1st
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