EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
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inflammatory response and 5 cardinal signs of it -
ANSWER=protective mechanism that eliminates the
invading pathogen and allows for tissue repair to occur.
redness, heat, swelling, pain, and loss of function
immune response - ANSWER=involves specific body
responses to an invading foreign protein, like producing an
antibody to and antigen or a cell-mediated defense, or
cellular immunity (increase in WBCs)
,factors affecting host susceptibility - ANSWER=intact skin
and mucous membranes, normal pH levels, body's white
blood cells, age, sex, race, hereditary factors,
immunization (natural or acquired), fatigue, climate,
nutritional and general health status, stress, and use of
invasive or indwelling medical devices
factors predisposing patient's to nosocomial infections -
ANSWER=use of invasive medical devices and antibiotic-
resistant organisms developed in hospitals
Asepsis/aseptic technique - ANSWER=All activities done
to prevent or break the chain of infection, two categories-
medical and surgical asepsis
,medical asepsis - ANSWER=reduce the number and
transfer of pathogens, clean technique
surgical asepsis - ANSWER=keep objects and areas free
from microorganisms. sterile technique
number of organisms - ANSWER=more organisms present
the longer it takes to destroy them
factors that reduce the incidence of healthcare-associated
infection - ANSWER=asepsis/aseptic technique, nature
and number or organisms present, equipment being used,
sterilization and disinfection
, sterilization - ANSWER=process by which all
microorganisms are destroyed, including spores
disinfection - ANSWER=process by which all
microorganisms are destroyed, except spores
standard precautions - ANSWER=used in care of all
hospitalized patients, applies to blood, body fluids,
secretions, excretions, broken skin, mucous membranes
transmission based precautions - ANSWER=used in
addition to standard precautions for patients with
suspected infection, includes airborne or droplet or contact
precautions