NSG 520 COMPILED FINAL STUDY GUIDE
2026 QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
⩥ The nurse is caring for a client who goes into cardiac arrest. Rhythm
analysis reveals that the client is experiencing pulseless electrical
activity (PEA). Which medication is considered the first line of therapy
for this situation?.
Answer: Epinephrine
This answer is correct because for clients in cardiac arrest, epinephrine
is the primary drug given to clients experiencing pulseless electrical
activity (PEA). Epinephrine is administered in 1 mg intravenous or
intraosseous doses. Each dose must be given 3-5 minutes apart.
⩥ The nurse is caring for multiple clients who each receive an
angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor to manage hypertension.
For which client should the nurse suggest discussing a medication
change with the health care provider?.
Answer: A female that is planning to become pregnant
This answer is correct because ACE inhibitors have teratogenic
properties, which means that this medication may cause severe birth
defects. The client who is newly married and using natural family
planning may become pregnant, so a different medication would be a
,better choice for managing this client's hypertension. Methyldopa,
labetalol, and nifedipine are all examples of antihypertensives that may
be safe to use during pregnancy.
⩥ When presenting a comparison of diphenhydramine and loratadine,
what primary advantage will the registered nurse (RN) provide for
choosing loratadine over diphenhydramine for the treatment of seasonal
allergies?.
Answer: loratadine has less side effects than diphenhydramine is the
primary advantage. This drug does not cause sedation or drowsiness.
The drug also has a longer duration than diphenhydramine.
⩥ The parent expresses frustration to the nurse that the montelukast just
isn't working though she has been giving it to her child nightly for the
past 3 nights. The nurse correctly educates the mother with which
correct statement?.
Answer: Leukotriene inhibitors are long-term therapy. It takes 1-2 weeks
to see a therapeutic response of the medication.
⩥ Which medication does the nursing instructor teach that, when taken
with nitroglycerin, can cause profound hypotension?.
Answer: phosphodiesterase-5 enzyme inhibitors, such as the brand-name
medications of Viagra and Cilias, treat erectile dysfunction through
vasodilation. This added affection with another vasodilator,
nitroglycerin, can cause an unsafe drop in blood pressure.
,⩥ A client with acute kidney injury is at highest risk for which
electrolyte imbalance?.
Answer: hyperkalemia - due to acidosis and decreased ability to filter
potassium.
⩥ Which educational point will the registered nurse (RN) provide to the
client prescribed codeine as an antitussive? Select all that apply..
Answer: Increase fluid to at least 64oz per day
Take the prescribed drug with food each time
Stand slowly to prevent dizziness
⩥ Which sign/symptom would be expected in a client diagnosed with
hypercalcemia? Select all that apply..
Answer: kidney stones
bone pain
muscle weakness
lethargy
⩥ Which best describes the pathophysiology of wheezes during an acute
asthma attack?.
Answer: Airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction
, ⩥ Which client displays the greatest risk for developing stress
incontinence?.
Answer: Pt in 3rd trimester of pregnancy
⩥ The nurse is calculating intake and output from 0700-1700. The client
has an IV infusing at 75 mL/hr. For breakfast the client has: an 8 oz. cup
of coffee, 3 tsp. of gelatin, a 30 oz. cup of ice, and 240 mL of orange
juice. At lunch the client has 8 oz. tea, an 8 oz. chicken patty and 6 oz
cola. How many mL will the nurse record as intake?
The family reports emptying 12 oz., 18 oz. and 5 oz. from the urinal.
The client also vomits 800 mL of emesis. How many mL will the nurse
record as output?.
Answer: IV fluids, 75 mL x 10 hours = 750
8 oz of coffee: 8 x 30 mL= 240 mL
3 tsp of gelatin: 3 x 3 mL= 15 mL
30 oz of ice: ½ x 30 oz *ice counts as ½ = 15 oz x 30 mL = 450 mL
240 mL of orange juice= 240 mL
8 oz of tea= 8 x 30 = 240 mL
6 oz of cola= 6 x 30 mL = 180 mL
*Note that the chicken patty is not liquid and will not be calculated in
I&O calculation.
The correct answer for output is 1850 mL
12 oz x 30 mL = 360 mL
2026 QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
⩥ The nurse is caring for a client who goes into cardiac arrest. Rhythm
analysis reveals that the client is experiencing pulseless electrical
activity (PEA). Which medication is considered the first line of therapy
for this situation?.
Answer: Epinephrine
This answer is correct because for clients in cardiac arrest, epinephrine
is the primary drug given to clients experiencing pulseless electrical
activity (PEA). Epinephrine is administered in 1 mg intravenous or
intraosseous doses. Each dose must be given 3-5 minutes apart.
⩥ The nurse is caring for multiple clients who each receive an
angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor to manage hypertension.
For which client should the nurse suggest discussing a medication
change with the health care provider?.
Answer: A female that is planning to become pregnant
This answer is correct because ACE inhibitors have teratogenic
properties, which means that this medication may cause severe birth
defects. The client who is newly married and using natural family
planning may become pregnant, so a different medication would be a
,better choice for managing this client's hypertension. Methyldopa,
labetalol, and nifedipine are all examples of antihypertensives that may
be safe to use during pregnancy.
⩥ When presenting a comparison of diphenhydramine and loratadine,
what primary advantage will the registered nurse (RN) provide for
choosing loratadine over diphenhydramine for the treatment of seasonal
allergies?.
Answer: loratadine has less side effects than diphenhydramine is the
primary advantage. This drug does not cause sedation or drowsiness.
The drug also has a longer duration than diphenhydramine.
⩥ The parent expresses frustration to the nurse that the montelukast just
isn't working though she has been giving it to her child nightly for the
past 3 nights. The nurse correctly educates the mother with which
correct statement?.
Answer: Leukotriene inhibitors are long-term therapy. It takes 1-2 weeks
to see a therapeutic response of the medication.
⩥ Which medication does the nursing instructor teach that, when taken
with nitroglycerin, can cause profound hypotension?.
Answer: phosphodiesterase-5 enzyme inhibitors, such as the brand-name
medications of Viagra and Cilias, treat erectile dysfunction through
vasodilation. This added affection with another vasodilator,
nitroglycerin, can cause an unsafe drop in blood pressure.
,⩥ A client with acute kidney injury is at highest risk for which
electrolyte imbalance?.
Answer: hyperkalemia - due to acidosis and decreased ability to filter
potassium.
⩥ Which educational point will the registered nurse (RN) provide to the
client prescribed codeine as an antitussive? Select all that apply..
Answer: Increase fluid to at least 64oz per day
Take the prescribed drug with food each time
Stand slowly to prevent dizziness
⩥ Which sign/symptom would be expected in a client diagnosed with
hypercalcemia? Select all that apply..
Answer: kidney stones
bone pain
muscle weakness
lethargy
⩥ Which best describes the pathophysiology of wheezes during an acute
asthma attack?.
Answer: Airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction
, ⩥ Which client displays the greatest risk for developing stress
incontinence?.
Answer: Pt in 3rd trimester of pregnancy
⩥ The nurse is calculating intake and output from 0700-1700. The client
has an IV infusing at 75 mL/hr. For breakfast the client has: an 8 oz. cup
of coffee, 3 tsp. of gelatin, a 30 oz. cup of ice, and 240 mL of orange
juice. At lunch the client has 8 oz. tea, an 8 oz. chicken patty and 6 oz
cola. How many mL will the nurse record as intake?
The family reports emptying 12 oz., 18 oz. and 5 oz. from the urinal.
The client also vomits 800 mL of emesis. How many mL will the nurse
record as output?.
Answer: IV fluids, 75 mL x 10 hours = 750
8 oz of coffee: 8 x 30 mL= 240 mL
3 tsp of gelatin: 3 x 3 mL= 15 mL
30 oz of ice: ½ x 30 oz *ice counts as ½ = 15 oz x 30 mL = 450 mL
240 mL of orange juice= 240 mL
8 oz of tea= 8 x 30 = 240 mL
6 oz of cola= 6 x 30 mL = 180 mL
*Note that the chicken patty is not liquid and will not be calculated in
I&O calculation.
The correct answer for output is 1850 mL
12 oz x 30 mL = 360 mL
