GMU IT 213 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2026
TESTED QUESTIONS AND PRACTICE
SOLUTION GRADED A+
◉ Nucleic Acid Function and Composition.
Answer: Function: makes up DNA and RNA
Composition: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus
◉ ATP.
Answer: important to storing and providing energy to all living
organisms
◉ Function of the Cell.
Answer: Metabolism, synthesis, communication, reproduction
◉ Plasma membrane function.
Answer: Separation, regulation, communication, and structure
(Outside of the membrane is positive, and the inside of the
membrane is negative)
◉ Phospholipid bilayer.
,Answer: Polar heads face towards the outside, and the non-polar
heads face each other
◉ Channel Proteins.
Answer: One or more integral membrane proteins arranged so that
they form a tiny channel through the plasma membrane
◉ ATP powered pump.
Answer: ATP-powered pumps move specific ions or molecules
across the membrane using ATP to provide energy. Move specific
ions or molecules across the membrane; require ATP molecules to
function
◉ Transport Proteins.
Answer: integral proteins that allow ions or molecules to move from
one side of the plasma membrane to the other. Transport proteins
have three characteristics that are important to their function:
specificity, saturation, and competition.
◉ Diffusion.
Answer: Random movement of molecules results in net movement
from areas of higher to lower concentration.
◉ Osmosis.
, Answer: Water diffuses across a selectively permeable membrane.
◉ Active Transport.
Answer: a mediated transport process that requires energy provided
by ATP
◉ Nucleus.
Answer: large, membrane-bound structure usually located near the
center of the cell.
◉ Ribosomes.
Answer: Site of protein synthesis
◉ Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum.
Answer: Proteins are produced and modified for secretion into
extracellular space
◉ Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum.
Answer: Manufactures Lipids
◉ Golgi Apparatus.
Answer: Modifies and packages proteins
TESTED QUESTIONS AND PRACTICE
SOLUTION GRADED A+
◉ Nucleic Acid Function and Composition.
Answer: Function: makes up DNA and RNA
Composition: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus
◉ ATP.
Answer: important to storing and providing energy to all living
organisms
◉ Function of the Cell.
Answer: Metabolism, synthesis, communication, reproduction
◉ Plasma membrane function.
Answer: Separation, regulation, communication, and structure
(Outside of the membrane is positive, and the inside of the
membrane is negative)
◉ Phospholipid bilayer.
,Answer: Polar heads face towards the outside, and the non-polar
heads face each other
◉ Channel Proteins.
Answer: One or more integral membrane proteins arranged so that
they form a tiny channel through the plasma membrane
◉ ATP powered pump.
Answer: ATP-powered pumps move specific ions or molecules
across the membrane using ATP to provide energy. Move specific
ions or molecules across the membrane; require ATP molecules to
function
◉ Transport Proteins.
Answer: integral proteins that allow ions or molecules to move from
one side of the plasma membrane to the other. Transport proteins
have three characteristics that are important to their function:
specificity, saturation, and competition.
◉ Diffusion.
Answer: Random movement of molecules results in net movement
from areas of higher to lower concentration.
◉ Osmosis.
, Answer: Water diffuses across a selectively permeable membrane.
◉ Active Transport.
Answer: a mediated transport process that requires energy provided
by ATP
◉ Nucleus.
Answer: large, membrane-bound structure usually located near the
center of the cell.
◉ Ribosomes.
Answer: Site of protein synthesis
◉ Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum.
Answer: Proteins are produced and modified for secretion into
extracellular space
◉ Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum.
Answer: Manufactures Lipids
◉ Golgi Apparatus.
Answer: Modifies and packages proteins
