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Samenvatting Prof. Hens - de larynx en de farynx

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Dit is een samenvatting van het deel over de larynx en de farynx van het vak Ziekteleer van hoofd en hals. PowerPoint, handboek en lesnotities gecombineerd.

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2025-
2026




Ziekteleer Hoofd en Hals:
de larynx en de farynx
E0I81A

,Inhoudsopgave
De larynx ................................................................................................................................................. 2
1. Anatomie van de larynx .................................................................................................................. 2
2. Onderzoek van de larynx ................................................................................................................. 4
3. Fonatie ............................................................................................................................................. 4
Stroboscopie .................................................................................................................................... 4
Fonetogram...................................................................................................................................... 5
Stridor .............................................................................................................................................. 5
Patiënt met dysfonie ........................................................................................................................ 6
Bezenuwing ..................................................................................................................................... 9
4. Microchirurgie van de larynx ........................................................................................................ 10
Directe laryngoscopie .................................................................................................................... 10
5. Traumata van de larynx ................................................................................................................. 10
Door uitwendig geweld ................................................................................................................. 10
Door inhalatie ................................................................................................................................ 11
Door intubatie (traumatisch, langdurig) ........................................................................................ 11
Tracheotomie ................................................................................................................................. 11
De farynx ............................................................................................................................................... 12
1. Onderzoek van de farynx .............................................................................................................. 12
2. Nasofarynx .................................................................................................................................... 12
Velofaryngeaal sluitingsmechanisme ............................................................................................ 12
3. Orofarynx ...................................................................................................................................... 13
Ring van Waldeyer ........................................................................................................................ 13
3.1. Aangeboren afwijkingen: palatoschisis (volgende les) .......................................................... 13
3.2. Patiënt met acute keelpijn ....................................................................................................... 13
3.3. Patiënt met chronische irritatieklachten in de keel ................................................................. 15
3.4. Obstructief slaapapneesyndroom (OSAS) .............................................................................. 16
4. Hypofarynx.................................................................................................................................... 17
Fysiologie van het slikken ............................................................................................................. 17
Slikstoornissen (dysfagie) ............................................................................................................. 17

, De larynx

1. Anatomie van de larynx

Anatomie van de larynx

Epiglottis (strottenklepje) is het enigste botje in het
lichaam dat niet verbonden is met een andere gewricht
of botje.




Crico-thyroidaal gewricht




Wanneer het thyroid naar voren en naar beneden kantelt,
worden de stembanden (die van de arytenoïd
kraakbeentjes naar de voorzijde van het schildkraakbeen
lopen) op spanning gebracht. Hierdoor rekken ze uit, wat
leidt tot een verhoging van de toonhoogte van de stem

Musculus cricothyroideus




Crico-arytenoidaal gewricht

De arytenoïd kraakbeentjes (arytenoid cartilages) zijn
piramidevormige structuren met een naar voren gericht
uitsteeksel, de processus vocalis. Ter hoogte van dit
uitsteeksel hecht het ligamentum vocale (vocaal ligament)
van de stembanden zich vast.




Abductie: stembanden achtereen uit elkaar, stemspleet open = ademstand
Adductie: stembanden achteraan tegen elkaar, stemspleet toe = patiënt kan stem genereren

Connected book
 image
F. Debruyne, H.A.M. Marres Zakboek keel-, neus-, oorheelkunde
Publisher: Unknown ISBN: 9789463441148 Edition: 1

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De larynx en de farynx
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