Musculoskeletal &
Neurological Assessment
Guide 2026 | Nursing
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, Musculoskeletal system functions Provides shape and support for the body, protects internal organs, permits
movement and mobility, produces red blood cells, and stores minerals.
Musculoskeletal system includes Bones, muscles, ligaments, tendons, cartilage, joints, and supporting connective
tissues.
Functional unit of the musculoskeletal system The joint, because it permits mobility needed for activities of daily living.
Mobility is affected by Oxygenation, intracranial regulation, pain, nutrition, body weight, and elimination
status.
Healthy People 2030 musculoskeletal goals Reduce fall related deaths among older adults, increase osteoporosis screening,
reduce hip fractures among older adults, and increase physical activity in adults
with physical or cognitive health problems.
Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment purpose Used to perform a functional assessment and determine the effects of previous or
current musculoskeletal difficulties.
Health teaching for musculoskeletal health Maintain a healthy weight, perform weight bearing exercise at least 3 times per
week, use good body mechanics, wear protective equipment, wear seat belts,
and do exercises that improve strength, flexibility, and posture.
How to help prevent functional scoliosis Teach patients to alternate the shoulder used to carry a shoulder bag or purse, or
use a backpack to distribute weight more evenly.
Teaching for older adults to improve muscle mass and Exercise training and adequate nutrition help improve muscle mass and strength.
strength
Common musculoskeletal symptoms Pain or discomfort, weakness, stiffness or limited movement, deformity, and lack
of balance and coordination.
Myalgia Muscle pain.
Arthralgia Joint pain.
Contracture Stiffness or limited movement caused by shortening or tightening of muscles or
connective tissue.
Ataxia Lack of balance and coordination.
Equipment for musculoskeletal assessment Goniometer and tape measure.
Goniometer use Measures the angle at which a joint can flex or extend.
Tape measure use in musculoskeletal assessment Measures circumference of extremities or length of bones.