n , Question 1 n,
0.125 n,out n,of n,0.125 n,points
Which n,vessel n,normally n,demonstrates n,the n,most n,rapid n,blood
flow? n,Selected n,Answer:
n, c. n,The n,vena n,cava
Correct n,Answer: c. n,The n,vena n,cava
Response The n,vena n,cava n,has n,the n,most n,rapid n,rate n,of n,flow. n,Arterioles n,don’t
n,Feedback n,offer n,the n, most n,rapid n, blood n, flow. n,Capillaries n,are n,composed n,of n,a
: n,single n,thickness n,of n,endothelial n,cells n,attached n,to n,a n,protein n,network
n,called n,the n, basement n, membrane n, and n,don’t n,offer n, the n, most n,rapid
n, blood n, flow. n,A n, venule n, begins n,where n,the n, arteriole n,ends n, and
n,doesn’t n,offer n,the n, most n,rapid n, blood n, flow.
n , Question 2 n,
0.125 n,out n,of n,0.125 n,points
Pernicious n,anemia n,is n,caused n,by n,a n,lack
n, of n,Selected n,Answer: n , b. n,intrinsic
factor. n,Correct n,Answer:
n, n , n , b.
n, intrinsic n,factor.
Response The n,fundamental n,defect n,causing n,pernicious n,anemia n,is n,the n,lack n,of
n,Feedback n, intrinsic n, factor. n,Without n, it, n,vitamin n,B12 n,cannot n,be n,absorbed. n,Iron
: n,deficiency n,does n,not n,lead n,to n,pernicious n,anemia. n,Rather, n,it n,is n,the
n,most n,common n,cause n,of n,anemia n,and n, is n,the n,result n,of
n,unavailability n,of n, iron n, for n, hemoglobin n,synthesis. n,Pernicious
n,anemia n,and n, folate n,deficiency n, are n, similar n, in n,etiology. n, Both n,are
n,caused n, by n,a n,disruption n, in n,DNA n,synthesis n,of n,blast n,cells n, in n,bone
n,marrow. n,Erythropoietin n, is n,necessary n, for n,the n,production n,of n,red
n,cells.
n , Question 3 n,
0.125 n,out n,of n,0.125 n,points
Two n,of n,the n,most n,serious n,oncology n,emergencies n,associated n,with n,non-Hodgkin
n, lymphoma n,are n,obstruction n,of n,the n,superior n,vena n,cava n,and n,compression n,of n,the
n,spinal n,cord.
, Selected n,Answer: a. n,True
n, Correct n,Answer: a.
True
n,
Response Compression n,of n,the n,spinal n,cord n,is n,one n,of n,the n,two n,most
n,Feedback n,serious n,oncology n,emergencies n,associated n,with n,non-Hodgkin
: n,lymphoma.
n , Question 4 n,
0 n,out n,of n,0.125 n,points
The n,most n,common n,primary n,immune n,deficiency n,that n,affects n,only n,B
cells n,is n,Selected n,Answer:
n, d. n,Bruton n,agammaglobulinemia.
Correct n,Answer: c. n,selective n,IgA.
Response The n,most n,common n,B-cell n,primary n,immunodeficiency n,disorder n,is
n,Feedback n,selective n,IgA n,deficiency. n,This n,disorder n,affects n,1:2000 n,persons.
: DiGeorge n,is n,a n,T-cell n,primary n,immune n,deficiency. n,Bruton
n,agammaglobulinemia n, is n, not n,the n, most n,common n, primary n, immune
n,deficiency n,affecting n,B n,cells; n, frequency n,of n,disease n, is n,1:250,000
n, males. n,Females n,are n,carriers. n,Wiskott–Aldrich n,affects n,both n,T n,cells
n,and n,B n,cells.
n , Question 5 n,
0.125 n,out n,of n,0.125 n,points
The n,effects n,of n,histamine n,release n,include
Selected n,Answer: c. n,increased n,vascular n,permeability.
n, Correct n,Answer: c. n,increased n,vascular
permeability.
n,
Response Histamine n,release n,leads n,to n,increased n,vascular n,permeability, n,which
n,Feedback n, fosters n,fluid n,movement n,out n,of n,capillaries n,and n,into n,tissues n,leading
: n,to n,the n,edema n, common n, in n,type n,I n, hypersensitivity. n,Histamine
n, leads n,to n,bronchoconstriction, n, increased n,gut n,permeability, n,and
n, vasodilation n,(not n,vasoconstriction).
n , Question 6 n,
0.125 n,out n,of n,0.125 n,points
, Risk n,factors n,for n,atherosclerosis n,include
n, Selected n,Answer: d. n,hyperlipidemia.
n, Correct n,Answer: d.
n, hyperlipidemia.
Response Hyperlipidemia n,is n,a n,modifiable n,risk n,factor n,associated n,with
n,Feedback n,atherosclerosis. n,Men n, have n,a n, higher n, incidence n,of n,atherosclerosis
: n,earlier n, in n, life n,than n,women. n,A n,high-protein n,diet n, is n, not n,associated
n,with n, atherosclerosis. n,Dietary n,fats n,do n,play n,a n,role n,as n,a n,modifiable
n,risk n,factor. n,A n,low-fiber n,diet n, is n, not n,a n,risk n, factor n, for
n,atherosclerosis.
n , Question 7 n,
0.125 n,out n,of n,0.125 n,points
Patients n,with n,immunodeficiency n,disorders n,are n,usually n,first n,identified n,because
they n,Selected n,Answer:
n, c. n,develop n,recurrent n,infections.
Correct n,Answer: c. n,develop n,recurrent n,infections.
Response The n,first n,clinical n,indicators n,of n,immunodeficiency n,disorders n,are n,the
n,Feedback n,signs n,and n, symptoms n,of n, infection, n,and n,the n,disorders n,are n,often n, first
: n,suspected n,when n,an n, individual n, has n,severe n,recurrent, n,unusual, n,or
n,unmanageable n,infections. n,High n,fevers n,can n,occur n,in n,patients n,who
n,have n,an n,intact n,immune n,system. n,Because n,of n,the n,immune n,deficiency,
n,patients n,with n, immunodeficiency n,disorders n, may n, not n,demonstrate
n,expected n, WBC n,counts n,with n, infection. n,Infections n, in n,patients n,with
n, immunodeficiency n,disorders n, can n,occur n,anywhere n, in n,the n, body.
n , Question 8 n,
0.125 n,out n,of n,0.125 n,points
The n,conversion n,of n,plasminogen n,to n,plasmin n,results
in n,Selected n,Answer:
n, c. n,fibrinolysis.
Correct n,Answer: c. n,fibrinolysis.
Response Fibrinolysis n,is n,the n,process n,of n,clot n,dissolution n,and n,occurs n,when
n,Feedback n,plasminogen n,activators n,cleave n,plasminogen n,to n,plasmin. n,Clot
: n,retraction n,occurs n,when n,the n,components n,of n,the n, fibrin n,clot n,are
n,compressed n,or n,contracted n,to n,form n,a n,clot. n,Factors n,released n,from
, platelets n,contribute n,to n,hemostasis n,by n,enhancing n,vasoconstriction,
n,platelet n,aggregation, n,and n,vessel n,repair. n,Platelet n,aggregation n,is n,not
n,the n,result n,of n,plasmin n,conversion. n,Thrombin n,cleaves n,fibrinogen n,to
n,form n,a n, fibrin n,clot.
n , Question 9 n,
0 n,out n,of n,0.125 n,points
Activation n,of n,the n,extrinsic n,pathway n,of n,coagulation n,is n,initiated
by n,Selected n,Answer:
n, a. n,platelet n,factors.
Correct n,Answer: b. n,tissue n,thromboplastin.
Response The n,extrinsic n,pathway n,of n,coagulation n,begins n,when n,the n,vascular
n,Feedback n,wall n, is n,traumatized. n,Tissue n, factor n, from n, injured n, tissue n,activates
: n, factors n,which n, in n,turn n,activate n,and n,convert n, into n,thrombin n, for
n,clotting.
Platelets n,play n,a n,major n,role n,in n,primary n,hemostasis n,as n,well n,as
n,secondary n, hemostasis n, and n, clot n,retraction. n,Platelets n,accelerate n,the
n,conversion n,of n,prothrombin n,to n,thrombin. n,Platelets n,adhere n,to
n,collagen n,exposed n,by n,trauma n,and n,initiate n,degranulation. n,Factor n,VII
n,is n,involved n, in n,the n,extrinsic n,pathway n,of n,coagulation n,when n,it n,is
n,activated n,by n,tissue n, factor n,following n,a n,traumatic n, injury.
n , Question 10 n,
0.125 n,out n,of n,0.125 n,points
An,commonly n,ingested n,substance n,associated n,with n,prolongation n,of n,the n,bleeding
time n,is n,Selected n,Answer:
n, c. n,aspirin.
Correct n,Answer: c. n,aspirin.
Response Many n,drugs n,are n,associated n,with n,prolonged n,bleeding n,times. n,Aspirin
n,Feedback n,is n,known n,to n,alter n,normal n,platelet n, function. n, Acetaminophen n, is
: n, not n,associated n,with n,prolongation n,of n, bleeding n,time. n,Tobacco
n,does n, not n, interfere n,with n, bleeding n,times. n, Caffeine n,does n, not
n, interfere n,with n, bleeding n,times.
n , Question 11 n,
0.125 n,out n,of n,0.125 n,points
0.125 n,out n,of n,0.125 n,points
Which n,vessel n,normally n,demonstrates n,the n,most n,rapid n,blood
flow? n,Selected n,Answer:
n, c. n,The n,vena n,cava
Correct n,Answer: c. n,The n,vena n,cava
Response The n,vena n,cava n,has n,the n,most n,rapid n,rate n,of n,flow. n,Arterioles n,don’t
n,Feedback n,offer n,the n, most n,rapid n, blood n, flow. n,Capillaries n,are n,composed n,of n,a
: n,single n,thickness n,of n,endothelial n,cells n,attached n,to n,a n,protein n,network
n,called n,the n, basement n, membrane n, and n,don’t n,offer n, the n, most n,rapid
n, blood n, flow. n,A n, venule n, begins n,where n,the n, arteriole n,ends n, and
n,doesn’t n,offer n,the n, most n,rapid n, blood n, flow.
n , Question 2 n,
0.125 n,out n,of n,0.125 n,points
Pernicious n,anemia n,is n,caused n,by n,a n,lack
n, of n,Selected n,Answer: n , b. n,intrinsic
factor. n,Correct n,Answer:
n, n , n , b.
n, intrinsic n,factor.
Response The n,fundamental n,defect n,causing n,pernicious n,anemia n,is n,the n,lack n,of
n,Feedback n, intrinsic n, factor. n,Without n, it, n,vitamin n,B12 n,cannot n,be n,absorbed. n,Iron
: n,deficiency n,does n,not n,lead n,to n,pernicious n,anemia. n,Rather, n,it n,is n,the
n,most n,common n,cause n,of n,anemia n,and n, is n,the n,result n,of
n,unavailability n,of n, iron n, for n, hemoglobin n,synthesis. n,Pernicious
n,anemia n,and n, folate n,deficiency n, are n, similar n, in n,etiology. n, Both n,are
n,caused n, by n,a n,disruption n, in n,DNA n,synthesis n,of n,blast n,cells n, in n,bone
n,marrow. n,Erythropoietin n, is n,necessary n, for n,the n,production n,of n,red
n,cells.
n , Question 3 n,
0.125 n,out n,of n,0.125 n,points
Two n,of n,the n,most n,serious n,oncology n,emergencies n,associated n,with n,non-Hodgkin
n, lymphoma n,are n,obstruction n,of n,the n,superior n,vena n,cava n,and n,compression n,of n,the
n,spinal n,cord.
, Selected n,Answer: a. n,True
n, Correct n,Answer: a.
True
n,
Response Compression n,of n,the n,spinal n,cord n,is n,one n,of n,the n,two n,most
n,Feedback n,serious n,oncology n,emergencies n,associated n,with n,non-Hodgkin
: n,lymphoma.
n , Question 4 n,
0 n,out n,of n,0.125 n,points
The n,most n,common n,primary n,immune n,deficiency n,that n,affects n,only n,B
cells n,is n,Selected n,Answer:
n, d. n,Bruton n,agammaglobulinemia.
Correct n,Answer: c. n,selective n,IgA.
Response The n,most n,common n,B-cell n,primary n,immunodeficiency n,disorder n,is
n,Feedback n,selective n,IgA n,deficiency. n,This n,disorder n,affects n,1:2000 n,persons.
: DiGeorge n,is n,a n,T-cell n,primary n,immune n,deficiency. n,Bruton
n,agammaglobulinemia n, is n, not n,the n, most n,common n, primary n, immune
n,deficiency n,affecting n,B n,cells; n, frequency n,of n,disease n, is n,1:250,000
n, males. n,Females n,are n,carriers. n,Wiskott–Aldrich n,affects n,both n,T n,cells
n,and n,B n,cells.
n , Question 5 n,
0.125 n,out n,of n,0.125 n,points
The n,effects n,of n,histamine n,release n,include
Selected n,Answer: c. n,increased n,vascular n,permeability.
n, Correct n,Answer: c. n,increased n,vascular
permeability.
n,
Response Histamine n,release n,leads n,to n,increased n,vascular n,permeability, n,which
n,Feedback n, fosters n,fluid n,movement n,out n,of n,capillaries n,and n,into n,tissues n,leading
: n,to n,the n,edema n, common n, in n,type n,I n, hypersensitivity. n,Histamine
n, leads n,to n,bronchoconstriction, n, increased n,gut n,permeability, n,and
n, vasodilation n,(not n,vasoconstriction).
n , Question 6 n,
0.125 n,out n,of n,0.125 n,points
, Risk n,factors n,for n,atherosclerosis n,include
n, Selected n,Answer: d. n,hyperlipidemia.
n, Correct n,Answer: d.
n, hyperlipidemia.
Response Hyperlipidemia n,is n,a n,modifiable n,risk n,factor n,associated n,with
n,Feedback n,atherosclerosis. n,Men n, have n,a n, higher n, incidence n,of n,atherosclerosis
: n,earlier n, in n, life n,than n,women. n,A n,high-protein n,diet n, is n, not n,associated
n,with n, atherosclerosis. n,Dietary n,fats n,do n,play n,a n,role n,as n,a n,modifiable
n,risk n,factor. n,A n,low-fiber n,diet n, is n, not n,a n,risk n, factor n, for
n,atherosclerosis.
n , Question 7 n,
0.125 n,out n,of n,0.125 n,points
Patients n,with n,immunodeficiency n,disorders n,are n,usually n,first n,identified n,because
they n,Selected n,Answer:
n, c. n,develop n,recurrent n,infections.
Correct n,Answer: c. n,develop n,recurrent n,infections.
Response The n,first n,clinical n,indicators n,of n,immunodeficiency n,disorders n,are n,the
n,Feedback n,signs n,and n, symptoms n,of n, infection, n,and n,the n,disorders n,are n,often n, first
: n,suspected n,when n,an n, individual n, has n,severe n,recurrent, n,unusual, n,or
n,unmanageable n,infections. n,High n,fevers n,can n,occur n,in n,patients n,who
n,have n,an n,intact n,immune n,system. n,Because n,of n,the n,immune n,deficiency,
n,patients n,with n, immunodeficiency n,disorders n, may n, not n,demonstrate
n,expected n, WBC n,counts n,with n, infection. n,Infections n, in n,patients n,with
n, immunodeficiency n,disorders n, can n,occur n,anywhere n, in n,the n, body.
n , Question 8 n,
0.125 n,out n,of n,0.125 n,points
The n,conversion n,of n,plasminogen n,to n,plasmin n,results
in n,Selected n,Answer:
n, c. n,fibrinolysis.
Correct n,Answer: c. n,fibrinolysis.
Response Fibrinolysis n,is n,the n,process n,of n,clot n,dissolution n,and n,occurs n,when
n,Feedback n,plasminogen n,activators n,cleave n,plasminogen n,to n,plasmin. n,Clot
: n,retraction n,occurs n,when n,the n,components n,of n,the n, fibrin n,clot n,are
n,compressed n,or n,contracted n,to n,form n,a n,clot. n,Factors n,released n,from
, platelets n,contribute n,to n,hemostasis n,by n,enhancing n,vasoconstriction,
n,platelet n,aggregation, n,and n,vessel n,repair. n,Platelet n,aggregation n,is n,not
n,the n,result n,of n,plasmin n,conversion. n,Thrombin n,cleaves n,fibrinogen n,to
n,form n,a n, fibrin n,clot.
n , Question 9 n,
0 n,out n,of n,0.125 n,points
Activation n,of n,the n,extrinsic n,pathway n,of n,coagulation n,is n,initiated
by n,Selected n,Answer:
n, a. n,platelet n,factors.
Correct n,Answer: b. n,tissue n,thromboplastin.
Response The n,extrinsic n,pathway n,of n,coagulation n,begins n,when n,the n,vascular
n,Feedback n,wall n, is n,traumatized. n,Tissue n, factor n, from n, injured n, tissue n,activates
: n, factors n,which n, in n,turn n,activate n,and n,convert n, into n,thrombin n, for
n,clotting.
Platelets n,play n,a n,major n,role n,in n,primary n,hemostasis n,as n,well n,as
n,secondary n, hemostasis n, and n, clot n,retraction. n,Platelets n,accelerate n,the
n,conversion n,of n,prothrombin n,to n,thrombin. n,Platelets n,adhere n,to
n,collagen n,exposed n,by n,trauma n,and n,initiate n,degranulation. n,Factor n,VII
n,is n,involved n, in n,the n,extrinsic n,pathway n,of n,coagulation n,when n,it n,is
n,activated n,by n,tissue n, factor n,following n,a n,traumatic n, injury.
n , Question 10 n,
0.125 n,out n,of n,0.125 n,points
An,commonly n,ingested n,substance n,associated n,with n,prolongation n,of n,the n,bleeding
time n,is n,Selected n,Answer:
n, c. n,aspirin.
Correct n,Answer: c. n,aspirin.
Response Many n,drugs n,are n,associated n,with n,prolonged n,bleeding n,times. n,Aspirin
n,Feedback n,is n,known n,to n,alter n,normal n,platelet n, function. n, Acetaminophen n, is
: n, not n,associated n,with n,prolongation n,of n, bleeding n,time. n,Tobacco
n,does n, not n, interfere n,with n, bleeding n,times. n, Caffeine n,does n, not
n, interfere n,with n, bleeding n,times.
n , Question 11 n,
0.125 n,out n,of n,0.125 n,points
