Samuelson: The Legal
Environment Contracts
2026 | Q&A & Rationales
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, LIFE PRINCIPLES These principles are the rules by which you live your life. If you develop these
guides now, you will be better prepared when facing ethics dilemmas in the
future.
ETHICS The law dictates how a person must behave. These values govern how people
should behave. Any decision that affects people or animals is an ethics decision.
REASONS TO BE ETHICAL • Society as a whole benefits from ethical behavior.
• People feel better when they behave ethically.
• Unethical behavior can be very costly.
AVOID ETHICS TRAPS Do this as good business practice.
• Do not trust your first instinct.
• Remember your Life Principles.
KANTIAN EVASION A truthful statement that is nonetheless misleading.
ETHICS TRAPS • Money
• Rationalization
• Conformity
• Following orders
• Euphemisms
• Lost in a crowd
• Blind spots.
MANAGE AN UNETHICAL ENVIRONMENT This is what you do with an unethical environment. When faced with unethical
behavior, you have three choices:
• Loyalty
• Exit (either quiet or noisy)
• Voice.
THEORIES OF ETHICS • Utilitarian thinkers such as John Stuart Mill believe that the right decision
maximizes overall happiness and minimizes overall pain.
• Deontological thinkers such as Immanuel Kant believe that the ends do not
justify the means. Rather, it is important to do the right thing, no matter the result.
• With his categorical imperative, Kant argued that you should not do something
unless you would be willing to have everyone else do it, too.
• John Rawls asked us to consider what type of society we would establish if we
did not know whether we would be one of life's winners or losers. He called this
situation "the veil of ignorance."
• Under the Front Page Test, you ask yourself what you would do if your actions
were going to be reported publicly on or offline.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY This stance contributes positively to the world around the corporation.
THE ROLE OF BUSINESS IN SOCIETY An ongoing debate about whether managers should focus only on what is best
for shareholders or whether they should consider the interests of other
stakeholders as well.
PLEADINGS A complaint and an answer are the two most important pleadings; that is,
documents that start a lawsuit.