EXAM STUDY GUIDE
QUESTIONS AND
CORRRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A+ 2025-2026
Affect - ANS-It refers to the underlying experience of feeling, emotion, attachment, or
mood.
Agraphia - ANS-loss of ability to express thoughts in writing
Dysgraphia - ANS-A learning disability that involves difficulty in handwriting.
Acalculia - ANS-acquired inability to perform calculations
Dyscalculia - ANS-a learning disorder that affects a person's ability to understand
number-based information and math.
Circumlocution - ANS-the use of an unnecessarily large number of words to express an
idea. Another way to say this would be that someone "talks in circles"
Cochlear Implant - ANS-a device for converting sounds into electrical signals and
stimulating the auditory nerve through electrodes threaded into the cochlea
Confabulation - ANS-confusion of an event that happened to someone else with one
that happened to you, or a belief that you remember something when it never actually
happened
,Dysarthria - ANS-the inability to use speech that is distinct and connected because of a
loss of muscle control after damage to the peripheral or central nervous system
Anomic Aphasia/ Dysnomia - ANS-this impairs an individual's ability to recall words,
names or objects.
dyspraxia (developmental coordination disorder) DCD - ANS-It can affect your co-
ordination skills - such as tasks requiring balance, playing sports or learning to drive a
car.
Delusions - ANS-false beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany
psychotic disorders. Ex- they may believe that a family member is trying to poison
them
Echolalia/ Echopraxia - ANS-The uncontrollable and immediate repetition of words
spoken by another person
Hallucinations - ANS-a false perception of objects or events involving your senses:
sight, sound, smell, touch and taste. They seem real, but they're not.
Intrusion - ANS-mental events that interrupt the flow of task-related thoughts in spite
of efforts to avoid them.
Malingering - ANS-Deliberate faking of a physical or psychological disorder motivated
by gain.
Mania - ANS-a mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state
Hypomania - ANS-A mild manic state in which the individual seems infectiously merry,
extremely talkative, charming, and tireless.
Micrographia - ANS-a neurological condition in which the handwriting becomes
progressively smaller.
, Neologism - ANS-it is a new word or phrase that has come into common use or a new
meaning that has been given to an established word
Paraphasia - ANS-it is when a sound substitution or rearrangement is made, but the
stated word still resembles the intended word. For example, one may say "spot"
instead of "pot." it could also be switching syllables or creating reverse compound
words such as "markbook" instead of "bookmark."
Perseveration - ANS-the repetition of words, phrases, questions, or actions
Practice Effect - ANS-a type of order effect in which people's performance improves
over time because they become practiced at the dependent measure (not because of
the manipulation or treatment)
Pressured Speech - ANS-Abnormal rate of speech, speaking quickly and urgently
Primacy Effect - ANS-tendency to remember information at the beginning of a body of
information better than the information that follows
Prosody - ANS-a phonological feature of speech, such as stress, intonation, intensity, or
duration, that pertains to a sequence of phonemes rather than to an individual
segment
Recency Effect - ANS-tendency to remember recent information better than earlier
information
Response Latency - ANS-the elapsed time from the onset of a stimulus (e.g., task
direction, cue) to the initiation of a response
Semantic Cluster - ANS-the process of grouping search queries that are similar on a
semantic level into clusters based on meaning.