Module 1: Dementia – Medical Speech Pathology – Cognitive Communication Disorders
Introductory Review Material
Primary Risk Factor - ✔✔Age
Dementia - ✔✔the loss of cognitive functioning, which means the loss of ability to think,
remember, or reason, as well as behavioral abilities, to such an extent that it interferes with a
person's daily life and activities
Vascular Dementia/Vascular Cognitive Impairment - ✔✔caused by injuries to the vessels
supplying blood to the brain
C-A-D-A-S-I-L - ✔✔Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and
leukoencephalopathy
CADASIL - ✔✔Inherited form of cardiovascular disease, which is associated with multi-infarct
dementia, stroke, migraine with aura, and mood disorders. First symptoms appear in people
aged 20-40
Multi-Infarct Dementia - ✔✔occurs due to many small strokes that damage brain cells where
one side of the body is disproportionately affected
Single-Infarct Dementia - ✔✔When a single stroke damages the brain enough to cause
dementia; more common when stroke affects the left side of the brain.
Subcortical Vascular Dementia - ✔✔rare form of dementia that involves extensive microscopic
damage to the small blood vessels and nerve fibres that make up white matter.
Characteristic feature of subcortical vascular dementia - ✔✔psychomotor slowness
Introductory Review Material
Primary Risk Factor - ✔✔Age
Dementia - ✔✔the loss of cognitive functioning, which means the loss of ability to think,
remember, or reason, as well as behavioral abilities, to such an extent that it interferes with a
person's daily life and activities
Vascular Dementia/Vascular Cognitive Impairment - ✔✔caused by injuries to the vessels
supplying blood to the brain
C-A-D-A-S-I-L - ✔✔Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and
leukoencephalopathy
CADASIL - ✔✔Inherited form of cardiovascular disease, which is associated with multi-infarct
dementia, stroke, migraine with aura, and mood disorders. First symptoms appear in people
aged 20-40
Multi-Infarct Dementia - ✔✔occurs due to many small strokes that damage brain cells where
one side of the body is disproportionately affected
Single-Infarct Dementia - ✔✔When a single stroke damages the brain enough to cause
dementia; more common when stroke affects the left side of the brain.
Subcortical Vascular Dementia - ✔✔rare form of dementia that involves extensive microscopic
damage to the small blood vessels and nerve fibres that make up white matter.
Characteristic feature of subcortical vascular dementia - ✔✔psychomotor slowness
