PHM 480D: Exam 4 Questions And
Answers
What is the function of tumor suppressor genes like PTEN?
A. Stimulate angiogenesis
B. Promote uncontrolled proliferation
C. Regulate cell cycle checkpoints and prevent unregulated growth
D. Induce chromosomal translocations
Which receptor is frequently overexpressed in breast cancer?
A. EGFR
B. VEGFR
C. HER2
D. IGF-IR
Which of the following growth factors primarily promotes angiogenesis in
tumors?
A. EGF
B. FGF
C. VEGF
D. IGF-1
Which gene, when mutated, leads to unregulated tyrosine kinase activity in CML?
A. p53
B. BCR-ABL
C. Ras
D. MYC
Loss of function in _______ proteins leads to unregulated cell
proliferation and survival.
tumor suppressor
The process by which tumors stimulate blood vessel formation is called
_____.
Angiogenesis
,True/False: Caspases are responsible for initiating the cell cycle.
F
True/False: Oncogenes arise from mutations or overexpression of proto-
oncogenes.
T
True/False: Telomere shortening leads to cellular senescence in normal cells.
T
True/False: E-cadherin is often lost in metastatic epithelial cancers
T
Which gene mutation confers resistance to EGFR inhibitors in colorectal cancer?
A. APC
B. KRAS
C. P53
D. MLH1
Which of the following is NOT a typical symptom of right-sided colon cancer?
A. Melena
B. Constipation
C. Pain
D. Weakness
The most common gene mutation in sporadic and inherited colorectal cancer is
the
_____ gene.
APC
Heavy ___ consumption increases colorectal cancer risk
Alcohol
True/False: CEA is a specific tumor marker for colorectal cancer
F
True/False: Tobacco use is linked to about 20% of colorectal cancers.
, T
True/False: Left-sided colorectal cancers often present with constipation and
tenesmus
T
True/False: Stage I colorectal cancer has a 5-year survival rate below 50%.
F
Which of the following is the hallmark cell seen in classical Hodgkin's
Lymphoma?
A. B-cell blast
B. Popcorn cell
C. Reed-Sternberg cell
D. Philadelphia cell
Which of the following symptoms is commonly seen in advanced Non-Hodgkin's
Lymphoma but is rare in early-stage disease?
A. Night sweats
B. Enlarged cervical lymph nodes
C. Fatigue
D. Abdominal fullness
Which leukemia is most commonly seen in children?
A. CML
B. CLL
C. AML
D. ALL
A 68-year-old man presents with fatigue, night sweats, and splenomegaly. Lab
tests
show lymphocytosis. A lymph node biopsy confirms B-cell origin. Cytogenetic
studies
reveal the t(14;18) translocation. Based on this information, what is the most
likely
diagnosis?
a. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
b. NHL
c. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
d. HL
Answers
What is the function of tumor suppressor genes like PTEN?
A. Stimulate angiogenesis
B. Promote uncontrolled proliferation
C. Regulate cell cycle checkpoints and prevent unregulated growth
D. Induce chromosomal translocations
Which receptor is frequently overexpressed in breast cancer?
A. EGFR
B. VEGFR
C. HER2
D. IGF-IR
Which of the following growth factors primarily promotes angiogenesis in
tumors?
A. EGF
B. FGF
C. VEGF
D. IGF-1
Which gene, when mutated, leads to unregulated tyrosine kinase activity in CML?
A. p53
B. BCR-ABL
C. Ras
D. MYC
Loss of function in _______ proteins leads to unregulated cell
proliferation and survival.
tumor suppressor
The process by which tumors stimulate blood vessel formation is called
_____.
Angiogenesis
,True/False: Caspases are responsible for initiating the cell cycle.
F
True/False: Oncogenes arise from mutations or overexpression of proto-
oncogenes.
T
True/False: Telomere shortening leads to cellular senescence in normal cells.
T
True/False: E-cadherin is often lost in metastatic epithelial cancers
T
Which gene mutation confers resistance to EGFR inhibitors in colorectal cancer?
A. APC
B. KRAS
C. P53
D. MLH1
Which of the following is NOT a typical symptom of right-sided colon cancer?
A. Melena
B. Constipation
C. Pain
D. Weakness
The most common gene mutation in sporadic and inherited colorectal cancer is
the
_____ gene.
APC
Heavy ___ consumption increases colorectal cancer risk
Alcohol
True/False: CEA is a specific tumor marker for colorectal cancer
F
True/False: Tobacco use is linked to about 20% of colorectal cancers.
, T
True/False: Left-sided colorectal cancers often present with constipation and
tenesmus
T
True/False: Stage I colorectal cancer has a 5-year survival rate below 50%.
F
Which of the following is the hallmark cell seen in classical Hodgkin's
Lymphoma?
A. B-cell blast
B. Popcorn cell
C. Reed-Sternberg cell
D. Philadelphia cell
Which of the following symptoms is commonly seen in advanced Non-Hodgkin's
Lymphoma but is rare in early-stage disease?
A. Night sweats
B. Enlarged cervical lymph nodes
C. Fatigue
D. Abdominal fullness
Which leukemia is most commonly seen in children?
A. CML
B. CLL
C. AML
D. ALL
A 68-year-old man presents with fatigue, night sweats, and splenomegaly. Lab
tests
show lymphocytosis. A lymph node biopsy confirms B-cell origin. Cytogenetic
studies
reveal the t(14;18) translocation. Based on this information, what is the most
likely
diagnosis?
a. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
b. NHL
c. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
d. HL
