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Samenvatting Voedingsleer | Hoofdstuk 9: Vitamines | Hogeschool Gent | 2025/26

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Studiemateriaal voor Voedingsleer aan Hogeschool Gent, focussend op Hoofdstuk 9 over vitamines. Het document behandelt de classificatie, bronnen en functies van vitamines (A, D, B7, B11, B12), gezondheidsaspecten zoals deficiëntie en toxiciteit, en de rol van vitamines in het lichaam. Ideaal voor examenvoorbereiding en het begrijpen van essentiële micronutriënten in de voedingstechnologie.

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Voedingsleer Vitamines



Hoofdstuk 9: vitamines
Inhoud
1.1 Inleiding..............................................................................................2

1.2 Vitamine A..........................................................................................2

1.3 Vitamine D..........................................................................................3

1.4 Vitamine E..........................................................................................4

1.5 Vitamine K..........................................................................................5

1.6 Vitamine C..........................................................................................6

1.7 Vitamine B1 – thiamine........................................................................7

1.8 Vitamine B2 – riboflavine.....................................................................7

1.9 Vitamine B3 – niacine (nicotinezuur/nicotinamide)..............................7

1.10 Vitamine B5 – pantotheenzuur..........................................................7

1.11 Vitamine B6 – pyridoxinezuur............................................................8

1.12 Vitamine B7 – biotine.........................................................................8

1.13 Vitamine B11 – foliumzuur..................................................................8

1.14 Vitamine B12 – cobalamine................................................................8




1

, Voedingsleer Vitamines


1.1 Inleiding
Definitie

1912: “voor het leven (vita) noodzakelijke organische basen (aminen)”
later: niet alle vitaminen bleken aminen te zijn

1950: vitaminen -> vitamines

 Organische stoffen die in kleine hoeveelheden (micronutriënten)
nodig zijn voor normale werking van het lichaam
 Tekort => klinische deficiëntieziekte
 Na toediening => herstel
 Leveren geen energie

Indeling

 Onderscheid obv eigenschap,
voedingsbron, verliezen door bewaring
en biologische beschikbaarheid
 Verschil in absorptie en
opslagmogelijkheid
 Vaak precursoren van enzym co-
factoren

*meerdere structureel verwante varianten= ‘vitamineren’ met
verschillende biologische activiteit

1.2 Vitamine A
 Verzamelnaam voor:
 Vitamine A (retinol)
o Uitsluitend dierlijke oorsprong
 Provitamine A (β-caroteen)
o Plantpigment
Van meer dan 600 carotenoïden zijn er 50-
tal precursor van actief vit. A
 Carotenoïden zonder vit. A activiteit zijn wel anti-oxidanten
 μg retinol equivalenten = μg retinol + 1/6 μg β-caroteen + 1/12 μg
andere carotenoïden




Bronnen van vitamine A

 Voorgevormd vitamine A:
o Lever, nier, visleveroliën

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