Why is the pituitary gland known as the master gland? What are the sections of the pituitary
gland? Be familiar with the hormones secreted by each section and their functions, listed in
section 4.2 - ANSWER The pituitary gland is known as the master gland because it regu-
lates the other glands of the body. The sections of the pituitary gland are the anterior lobe,
adenohypophysis, and the posterior lobe, neurohypophysis.
Describe the function of the endocrine system. Define a gland. Define a hormone - AN-
SWER The function of the endocrine system is to control the secretion of hormones from
glands located throughout the body. A gland is an organ that secretes hormones into the
bloodstream. A hormone is a chemical substance that is released in small amounts and trav-
els through the bloodstream to other tissues and organs to transfer information or instruc-
tions
The adrenal cortex secretes three groups of hormones known as the A) __, B) __, and C) __.
Be familiar with the functions of these three groups of hormones - ANSWER A) Glucocor-
ticoids
B) Mineralocorticoids
C) Androgens
Are to maintain the basic metabolic rate of the body, the growth of the body, and the me-
tabolism of nutrients, water, vitamins, and minerals - ANSWER The roles of the hormones
secreted by the thyroid gland are to maintain the basic metabolic rate of the body, the
growth of the body, and the metabolism of nutrients, water, vitamins, and minerals.
Where is the thymus gland located, and what is the function of the hormones secreted by
this gland? - ANSWER The thymus gland is located in the mediastinum and the hormones
secreted by this function in the immune system.
1
, What are the names of the meninges that cover the brain and the four major structures of
the brain? - ANSWER The three meninges are the dura mater, the pia mater, and the
arachnoid mater. The four major structures of the brain are the cerebellum, the cerebrum,
the brain stem, and the diencephalon
What is the function of the nervous system? What are the main divisions of the nervous sys-
tem? - ANSWER The function of the nervous system is to coordinate all of the activities of
the body through receiving information, interpreting that information, and then sending re-
sponses to the body to maintain homeostasis. The main divisions of the nervous system are
the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system
What are the three functions of the spinal cord? - ANSWER The main functions of the spi-
nal cord are to 1) conduct sensory impulses from the peripheral nervous system to the brain,
2) conduct motor impulses from the brain to the peripheral nervous system, and 3) process
the body's reflexes.
Where do cranial nerves originate, and what are their functions? Where do spinal nerves
originate, and what are their functions? - ANSWER The cranial nerves originate in the
brain. Their functions are to innervate the senses, the motor movements of the head and
shoulders, swallowing, breathing, speech, and the muscles of the thoracic and abdominal
cavities. Spinal nerves originate in the spinal cord, and they have sensory and motor func-
tions throughout the body.
What are the two branches of the autonomic nervous system? What are their functions? -
ANSWER The autonomic nervous system has two divisions: the sympathetic division and
the parasympathetic division. These two divisions have opposite effects on the body. The
parasympathetic branch regulates the daily functioning of the body and maintains homeo-
stasis. The sympathetic branch is activated in emergency situations and creates the "fight-or-
flight" response to stress
What is the function of the ear? - ANSWER The function of the ear is to detect sound
waves and transmit that sound to the brain. It also facilitates balance, positioning, and equi-
librium in the body
2
gland? Be familiar with the hormones secreted by each section and their functions, listed in
section 4.2 - ANSWER The pituitary gland is known as the master gland because it regu-
lates the other glands of the body. The sections of the pituitary gland are the anterior lobe,
adenohypophysis, and the posterior lobe, neurohypophysis.
Describe the function of the endocrine system. Define a gland. Define a hormone - AN-
SWER The function of the endocrine system is to control the secretion of hormones from
glands located throughout the body. A gland is an organ that secretes hormones into the
bloodstream. A hormone is a chemical substance that is released in small amounts and trav-
els through the bloodstream to other tissues and organs to transfer information or instruc-
tions
The adrenal cortex secretes three groups of hormones known as the A) __, B) __, and C) __.
Be familiar with the functions of these three groups of hormones - ANSWER A) Glucocor-
ticoids
B) Mineralocorticoids
C) Androgens
Are to maintain the basic metabolic rate of the body, the growth of the body, and the me-
tabolism of nutrients, water, vitamins, and minerals - ANSWER The roles of the hormones
secreted by the thyroid gland are to maintain the basic metabolic rate of the body, the
growth of the body, and the metabolism of nutrients, water, vitamins, and minerals.
Where is the thymus gland located, and what is the function of the hormones secreted by
this gland? - ANSWER The thymus gland is located in the mediastinum and the hormones
secreted by this function in the immune system.
1
, What are the names of the meninges that cover the brain and the four major structures of
the brain? - ANSWER The three meninges are the dura mater, the pia mater, and the
arachnoid mater. The four major structures of the brain are the cerebellum, the cerebrum,
the brain stem, and the diencephalon
What is the function of the nervous system? What are the main divisions of the nervous sys-
tem? - ANSWER The function of the nervous system is to coordinate all of the activities of
the body through receiving information, interpreting that information, and then sending re-
sponses to the body to maintain homeostasis. The main divisions of the nervous system are
the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system
What are the three functions of the spinal cord? - ANSWER The main functions of the spi-
nal cord are to 1) conduct sensory impulses from the peripheral nervous system to the brain,
2) conduct motor impulses from the brain to the peripheral nervous system, and 3) process
the body's reflexes.
Where do cranial nerves originate, and what are their functions? Where do spinal nerves
originate, and what are their functions? - ANSWER The cranial nerves originate in the
brain. Their functions are to innervate the senses, the motor movements of the head and
shoulders, swallowing, breathing, speech, and the muscles of the thoracic and abdominal
cavities. Spinal nerves originate in the spinal cord, and they have sensory and motor func-
tions throughout the body.
What are the two branches of the autonomic nervous system? What are their functions? -
ANSWER The autonomic nervous system has two divisions: the sympathetic division and
the parasympathetic division. These two divisions have opposite effects on the body. The
parasympathetic branch regulates the daily functioning of the body and maintains homeo-
stasis. The sympathetic branch is activated in emergency situations and creates the "fight-or-
flight" response to stress
What is the function of the ear? - ANSWER The function of the ear is to detect sound
waves and transmit that sound to the brain. It also facilitates balance, positioning, and equi-
librium in the body
2
