CHEM 140 EXAM WITH VERIFIED QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS|| GUARANTEED PASS||
ALREADY GRADED A+|| LATEST VERSION
2026
What do cis-double bonds do to unsaturated FA's? - ANSWER-Causes them to
bend or kink, giving the molecules an irregular shape and allowing fewer
interactions b/w molecules
What happens when tissues get hurt? - ANSWER-Arachidonic acid is converted
to prostoglandins which produce inflammation and pain.
What are prostoglandins? - ANSWER--hormone like substances that are
produced in cell
-low concentration produces a big effect.
-also known as eicosanoids
-differ on what substituents are attached to the ring
Functions: lowers/ raises BP and stimulates contractions during birth
NSAIDs block the production of? - ANSWER-Prostoglandins
So the decrease pain and inflammation
How to know if Omega 6- or 3- FA.. - ANSWER-Count from free end and see
where first double bond is located at.
,What contains Omega 6 FA's? - ANSWER-Veggies
What contains Omega 3 FA's? - ANSWER-Fish
Omega 3 FA lower the tendency of .. - ANSWER-Blood platelets to stick
together, reducing risk of blood clots
Linolenic acid is? - ANSWER-Polyunsaturated
Palmitoleic acid is ? - ANSWER-Monounsaturated
Stearic acid is? - ANSWER-Saturated
What are triesters? - ANSWER-3 Molecules of FA's and 1 molecule of glycerol
Triacylglycerols - ANSWER-esters of glycerol
glycerol reacting with three FA's
How to name triacylglycerols? - ANSWER-Changing glycerol to glyceryl and
naming FA's as carboxylates
What is a conjugated protein? - ANSWER-A protein that incorporates one or
more non-amino acid units in its structure.
*Provides different chemical property*
What is denaturation? - ANSWER-The disruption of bonds in the secondary,
tertiary, and quaternary protein structure.
,Contributors to denaturaation? - ANSWER--Heat and organic compounds as
they break apart H bonds and disrupt hydrophobic interactions.
-Acid and bases that break H bonds between polar R groups and disrupt ionic
bonds
-Heavy Metal ions that react with disulfide bonds to form solids.
-Agitation such as whipping that stretches peptide chains until bonds break.
What happens in protein hydrolysis? - ANSWER-peptide bonds are hydrolyzed
to produce amino acids.
What are enzymes? - ANSWER-Proteins that act as biological catalysts.
(Nearly all chemical reactions occurring in body)
Active site on enzyme's surface binds a substrate and catalyzes a specific
reaction for that substrate.
Enzymes usually end in - ANSWER--ase
Classification of enzymes - ANSWER-Oxidoreductases
Transferases
Hydrolases
Lyases
Isomerases
Ligases
Oxidoreductases catalyze which reactions? - ANSWER-Oxidation-reduction
Transferases catalyze which reactions? - ANSWER-Transfer groups of atoms
Hydrolases catalyze which reaction? - ANSWER-Hydrolysis
, Lyases catalyze which reactions? - ANSWER-Add or remove attoms to or from
a double bond
Isomerases catalyze which reactions? - ANSWER-Rearranging atoms
Ligases catalyze which reactions? - ANSWER-Use ATP to combine small
molecules
Subclass of transferases you need to know and its function? - ANSWER-
Kinases- tranfer a phosphoryl group between substrates.
Subclass of Hydrolases you need to know and its function? - ANSWER-
Lipases-Hydrolysis of ester groups in lipids.
Proteases-Hydrolysis of peptide bonds in proteins.
Enzyme-catalyzed reaction - ANSWER-substrate attaches to the active site.
Enzyme-substrate complex forms
E+S=ES-> E+P
Characteristics of the Lock-and-key model? - ANSWER-Active site has a rigid,
nonfelxible shape
Enzyme binds only substrates that exactly fit the active site like a lock.
"Substrate is the key to success"
Characteristics of Induced-fit? - ANSWER-Flexible, non-rigid structure that
adjusts to the shape of the active site.
Shape changes improve catalysis during reaction
AND ANSWERS|| GUARANTEED PASS||
ALREADY GRADED A+|| LATEST VERSION
2026
What do cis-double bonds do to unsaturated FA's? - ANSWER-Causes them to
bend or kink, giving the molecules an irregular shape and allowing fewer
interactions b/w molecules
What happens when tissues get hurt? - ANSWER-Arachidonic acid is converted
to prostoglandins which produce inflammation and pain.
What are prostoglandins? - ANSWER--hormone like substances that are
produced in cell
-low concentration produces a big effect.
-also known as eicosanoids
-differ on what substituents are attached to the ring
Functions: lowers/ raises BP and stimulates contractions during birth
NSAIDs block the production of? - ANSWER-Prostoglandins
So the decrease pain and inflammation
How to know if Omega 6- or 3- FA.. - ANSWER-Count from free end and see
where first double bond is located at.
,What contains Omega 6 FA's? - ANSWER-Veggies
What contains Omega 3 FA's? - ANSWER-Fish
Omega 3 FA lower the tendency of .. - ANSWER-Blood platelets to stick
together, reducing risk of blood clots
Linolenic acid is? - ANSWER-Polyunsaturated
Palmitoleic acid is ? - ANSWER-Monounsaturated
Stearic acid is? - ANSWER-Saturated
What are triesters? - ANSWER-3 Molecules of FA's and 1 molecule of glycerol
Triacylglycerols - ANSWER-esters of glycerol
glycerol reacting with three FA's
How to name triacylglycerols? - ANSWER-Changing glycerol to glyceryl and
naming FA's as carboxylates
What is a conjugated protein? - ANSWER-A protein that incorporates one or
more non-amino acid units in its structure.
*Provides different chemical property*
What is denaturation? - ANSWER-The disruption of bonds in the secondary,
tertiary, and quaternary protein structure.
,Contributors to denaturaation? - ANSWER--Heat and organic compounds as
they break apart H bonds and disrupt hydrophobic interactions.
-Acid and bases that break H bonds between polar R groups and disrupt ionic
bonds
-Heavy Metal ions that react with disulfide bonds to form solids.
-Agitation such as whipping that stretches peptide chains until bonds break.
What happens in protein hydrolysis? - ANSWER-peptide bonds are hydrolyzed
to produce amino acids.
What are enzymes? - ANSWER-Proteins that act as biological catalysts.
(Nearly all chemical reactions occurring in body)
Active site on enzyme's surface binds a substrate and catalyzes a specific
reaction for that substrate.
Enzymes usually end in - ANSWER--ase
Classification of enzymes - ANSWER-Oxidoreductases
Transferases
Hydrolases
Lyases
Isomerases
Ligases
Oxidoreductases catalyze which reactions? - ANSWER-Oxidation-reduction
Transferases catalyze which reactions? - ANSWER-Transfer groups of atoms
Hydrolases catalyze which reaction? - ANSWER-Hydrolysis
, Lyases catalyze which reactions? - ANSWER-Add or remove attoms to or from
a double bond
Isomerases catalyze which reactions? - ANSWER-Rearranging atoms
Ligases catalyze which reactions? - ANSWER-Use ATP to combine small
molecules
Subclass of transferases you need to know and its function? - ANSWER-
Kinases- tranfer a phosphoryl group between substrates.
Subclass of Hydrolases you need to know and its function? - ANSWER-
Lipases-Hydrolysis of ester groups in lipids.
Proteases-Hydrolysis of peptide bonds in proteins.
Enzyme-catalyzed reaction - ANSWER-substrate attaches to the active site.
Enzyme-substrate complex forms
E+S=ES-> E+P
Characteristics of the Lock-and-key model? - ANSWER-Active site has a rigid,
nonfelxible shape
Enzyme binds only substrates that exactly fit the active site like a lock.
"Substrate is the key to success"
Characteristics of Induced-fit? - ANSWER-Flexible, non-rigid structure that
adjusts to the shape of the active site.
Shape changes improve catalysis during reaction
