Pharmacology Flashcards – 100 NCLEX-Style Exam
question with correct answers ( 100% verified
answers) plus rationales Q &A 2026 INSTANT
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1. A nurse is administering digoxin to a client with heart failure. Which finding
requires withholding the medication?
• Apical pulse 58 bpm
• Blood pressure 140/82 mmHg
• Respiratory rate 18/min
• Temperature 37°C
Correct Answer: Apical pulse 58 bpm
Rationale: Digoxin should be withheld if pulse is <60 bpm due to risk of
bradycardia and toxicity.
2. Which lab test monitors warfarin therapy?
• Hemoglobin A1C
• INR
• Sodium
• Calcium
Correct Answer: INR
Rationale: INR evaluates clotting time and ensures safe warfarin dosing.
3. Furosemide side effect causing weakness and cramps indicates:
, • Hypercalcemia
• Hypernatremia
• Hypokalemia
• Hypermagnesemia
Correct Answer: Hypokalemia
Rationale: Loop diuretics cause potassium loss leading to muscle weakness.
4. How is nitroglycerin administered for chest pain?
• Swallowed with water
• After meals
• Sublingual at onset
• Stored in bathroom
Correct Answer: Sublingual at onset
Rationale: Rapid absorption relieves angina quickly.
5. Shaky, sweaty insulin patient requires first action:
• Give insulin
• Check blood glucose
• Restrict fluids
• Encourage exercise
Correct Answer: Check blood glucose
Rationale: Symptoms indicate hypoglycemia requiring immediate confirmation.
,6. Which is a beta-blocker?
• Lisinopril
• Metoprolol
• Losartan
• Amlodipine
Correct Answer: Metoprolol
Rationale: Beta-blockers reduce heart rate and blood pressure.
7. Albuterol inhaler correct statement:
• Prevents infection
• Rinse mouth after use
• Opens airways
• Use only at bedtime
Correct Answer: Opens airways
Rationale: It is a bronchodilator for asthma relief.
8. Common opioid side effect:
• Diarrhea
• Hypertension
• Constipation
• Tachycardia
Correct Answer: Constipation
Rationale: Opioids slow GI motility.
, 9. Tetracycline should not be taken with:
• Water
• Orange juice
• Milk products
• Bread
Correct Answer: Milk products
Rationale: Calcium reduces drug absorption.
10. Lithium toxicity sign:
• Bradycardia
• Tremors/confusion
• Weight gain
• Dry skin
Correct Answer: Tremors/confusion
Rationale: Early toxicity affects neurological function.
11. ACE inhibitor:
• Enalapril
• Verapamil
• Hydrochlorothiazide
• Clonidine
Correct Answer: Enalapril
question with correct answers ( 100% verified
answers) plus rationales Q &A 2026 INSTANT
DOWNLOAD PDF
1. A nurse is administering digoxin to a client with heart failure. Which finding
requires withholding the medication?
• Apical pulse 58 bpm
• Blood pressure 140/82 mmHg
• Respiratory rate 18/min
• Temperature 37°C
Correct Answer: Apical pulse 58 bpm
Rationale: Digoxin should be withheld if pulse is <60 bpm due to risk of
bradycardia and toxicity.
2. Which lab test monitors warfarin therapy?
• Hemoglobin A1C
• INR
• Sodium
• Calcium
Correct Answer: INR
Rationale: INR evaluates clotting time and ensures safe warfarin dosing.
3. Furosemide side effect causing weakness and cramps indicates:
, • Hypercalcemia
• Hypernatremia
• Hypokalemia
• Hypermagnesemia
Correct Answer: Hypokalemia
Rationale: Loop diuretics cause potassium loss leading to muscle weakness.
4. How is nitroglycerin administered for chest pain?
• Swallowed with water
• After meals
• Sublingual at onset
• Stored in bathroom
Correct Answer: Sublingual at onset
Rationale: Rapid absorption relieves angina quickly.
5. Shaky, sweaty insulin patient requires first action:
• Give insulin
• Check blood glucose
• Restrict fluids
• Encourage exercise
Correct Answer: Check blood glucose
Rationale: Symptoms indicate hypoglycemia requiring immediate confirmation.
,6. Which is a beta-blocker?
• Lisinopril
• Metoprolol
• Losartan
• Amlodipine
Correct Answer: Metoprolol
Rationale: Beta-blockers reduce heart rate and blood pressure.
7. Albuterol inhaler correct statement:
• Prevents infection
• Rinse mouth after use
• Opens airways
• Use only at bedtime
Correct Answer: Opens airways
Rationale: It is a bronchodilator for asthma relief.
8. Common opioid side effect:
• Diarrhea
• Hypertension
• Constipation
• Tachycardia
Correct Answer: Constipation
Rationale: Opioids slow GI motility.
, 9. Tetracycline should not be taken with:
• Water
• Orange juice
• Milk products
• Bread
Correct Answer: Milk products
Rationale: Calcium reduces drug absorption.
10. Lithium toxicity sign:
• Bradycardia
• Tremors/confusion
• Weight gain
• Dry skin
Correct Answer: Tremors/confusion
Rationale: Early toxicity affects neurological function.
11. ACE inhibitor:
• Enalapril
• Verapamil
• Hydrochlorothiazide
• Clonidine
Correct Answer: Enalapril
