Exam (elaborations) PSY 381 (PSY 381) Ch 07 Quiz Answers - PTSD

1. Seven weeks after returning from a combat mission, Irving is experiencing intense negative emotions and has flashbacks of combat. What do these symptoms suggest? Somatoform disorder Dissociative symptoms Acute stress disorder Posttraumatic stress disorder 2. Compare the diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and acute stress disorder (ASD). Which of the following is a key component of ASD? Symptoms last no longer than 1 month. No dissociation is involved. Symptoms begin at least a month after the trauma. Symptoms last no longer than 6 months. 3. Allen's complaints about stomach pain prompted a physical examination and a number of tests. Allen was diagnosed as having a somatic symptom disorder because a psychological cause had been positively identified. there was no known physical cause of his symptoms. his physician was incompetent. dissociation was evident. 4. ______ predict PTSD better than the full DSM diagnosis. Brain scans Psychological tests Critical incident stress debriefings ASD symptoms 5. Victims of trauma are more likely to develop PTSD when the victim is a woman. trauma occurs at a later age. trauma is intense and life-threatening. victim is a man. 6. People with PTSD show differences in what brain structures? Amygdala and thalamus Hippocampus and anterior cingulate cortex Amygdala and hippocampus Amygdala and hypothalamus 7. Bianca had a long list of operations, tests, and medical procedures that she had undergone, and she was happy to relate this list to anyone who would listen. She seemed to relish the symptoms and evidence of suffering. Bianca's most likely problem was flashbacks. Munchausen syndrome. malingering. acute stress disorder (ASD). 8. What phases of treatment are offered during critical incident stress debriefing (CISD) to aid in the prevention of posttraumatic stress disorder? Participants are gradually reintroduced to the location of the disaster and are asked to slowly recall the trauma. Participants are asked to relive the trauma followed by encouragement to lead immediate normal lives. Participants can share their experiences and reactions, and leaders can educate, assess, and offer referrals. Participants are counseled for their experiences in close proximity to the disaster and are encouraged to lead immediate normal lives. 9. An effective intervention technique for PTSD includes restriction of return to the disaster site, and prolonged treatment. immediate and proximal treatment at the disaster site, and expected return to the disaster site. regular counseling far from the disaster site, and professional referrals. immediate hospitalization, and treatment with medication. 10. What is typically involved in prolonged exposure? Practicing rapid eye movement while recalling traumatic events Challenging maladaptive thought processes that originated from the traumatic events Using relaxation techniques while listening to depictions of traumatic events Confronting feared situations by imagining or reliving events 11. Review the symptoms of ASD, PTSD, and dissociative disorders. Which of the following patients suffers from a dissociative disorder? Candi has a fear of the outdoors or open places, and is fearful of strangers, particularly men. She will not go anywhere alone, especially at night. Alan has traumatically produced amnesia, and goes out of his way to avoid loud noises, such as fireworks, or movies featuring gunfire. Tristan has selective amnesia, and an intense fear of leaving his home. He does not have many friends. Jane has psychologically produced amnesia and has suddenly "woken up" to find herself hundreds of miles from home, with strange clothes in her suitcase. 12. How did Freud define dissociation? A means through which the id overcame the ego With increasing obscurity over time As a part of an abnormal, psychopathological process A means through which the ego defended itself against unacceptable unconscious thoughts 13. What is the difference between explicit and implicit memory? Explicit memory is a vague emotional recall of an event. Implicit memory is the highly cognitive recall of specific details related to the event. Explicit memory is an event that a person unconsciously recalls. Implicit memory is an event that a person consciously recalls. Explicit memory is an event that a person consciously recalls. Implicit memory is an event that a person unconsciously recalls. Explicit memory is an event that a person remembers incorrectly. Implicit memory is an event that a person can recall accurately and in detail. 14. Clarence's neighbors alerted the neighborhood police that he had barricaded himself in his apartment surrounded by a variety of automatic weapons and explosive devices. Clarence was a combat veteran, and evidently felt that he was back in battle. A mental health worker was able to speak with Clarence and get him to agree to therapy for iatrogenesis. a dissociative state. multiple personality disorder. false memories. 15. What condition is present when two or more distinct personalities coexist within an individual, though they may or may not be aware of each other? Dissociative fugue Schizophrenia Dissociative identity disorder Depersonalization disorder 16. In dissociative identity disorder, the original personality is likely to totally ignore the other personalities. be in total control of the other personalities. be implicitly aware of and jealous of the other personalities. have amnesia for the other personalities. 17. Researchers may have concerns about the validity of retrospective reports because they are based on faulty implicit memories. comorbidity factors. past evaluations from the vantage point of the present. older statistics that have not been made current. 18. State-dependent learning is a process by which information that is learned in one state of affect or consciousness is best recalled in the same state of affect or consciousness. is better recalled when it is learned in a quiet, calm, and stress-free environment. is better learned when the need for future recall is anticipated and stressed. is best recalled when designated as interesting information, and is least recalled when designated as uninteresting information. 19. The goal of treatment in dissociative identity disorder is to create new memory mechanisms and eliminate past memories. integrate the different personalities into a whole. protect the patient from further personality changes. allow one personality to triumph over another. 20. A somatic symptom disorder is a disorder that involves severe developmental and cognitive delays with no known genetic factors. a list of random and unconnected psychological symptoms with no known psychological illness causing the symptoms. vague and chronic emotional breakdowns that have no connection to reality. prominent physical symptoms accompanied by impairing psychological distress. 21. An explanation for many cases of dissociative identify disorder is iatrogenesis. childhood illness. hysteria. physical disease. 22. Pamela is very preoccupied with the appearance of her nose, which she finds to be defective. She has undergone several plastic surgery operations to attempt to correct it, but does not get relief from