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MMSC491 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

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MMSC491 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

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Nucleic acid hybridization assays are normally carried out under relaxed
hybridization stringency (to maximize the chances of heteroduplex formation) but
afterwards, washes are carried out that can be designed to favor perfectly matched
sequences only by changing some parameter. Which, if any, of the following changes
would be consistent with that aim?
Option 1An increase in temperature.
Option 2An increase in salt concentration.
Option 3An increase in the concentration of a polar molecule, such as urea or
formamide


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, An increase in temperature.
An increase in the concentration of a polar molecule, such as urea or
formamide




With respect to nucleic acid hybridization, which, if any, of the following statements is
false?
Option 1The strength of base pairing between a probe and a complementary target
sequence depends on the number of stable base pairs that are formed
Option 2Among other parameters, the hybridization stringency depends on the salt
concentration and temperature of the hybridization reaction
Option 3To identify a target sequence that is distantly related to the probe, high
stringency hybridization needs to be used
Option 4Under conditions that favor low hybridization stringency long
heteroduplexes with significant base mismatching may be stable


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To identify a target sequence that is distantly related to the probe, high
stringency hybridization needs to be used




Which of the following statements, if any, is false?
Option 1
Cloning DNA in bacteria typically requires a plasmid or a bacteriophage vector
Option 2
Plasmids and bacteriophages are both small circular double-stranded DNA
molecules
Option 3
Plasmids and bacteriophages each contain a replication origin that allows them to
replicate independently of the bacterial chromosome
Option 4
To be useful as vectors plasmids and bacteriophages need to be genetically modified


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