NURSING PROCEDURES ACTUAL
EXAM QUESTIONS AND COMPLETE
STUDY GUIDE 2026
▶ perfusion. Answer: exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between
circulating blood and tissue cells
▶ eupnea. Answer: normal, unlabored breathing, one respiration to four
heartbeats
▶ tachypnea. Answer: increased respiratory rate; may occur in response
to increased metabolic rate
▶ bradypnea. Answer: decreased respiratory rate; occurs in some
pathologic conditions
▶ apnea. Answer: periods when no breathing occurs
▶ dyspnea. Answer: difficult or labored breathing
▶ orthopnea. Answer: changes in breathing when sitting or standing
▶ assessing blood pressure. Answer: -listening for korotkoff sounds w/
stethoscope
-first sound is systolic
-change or cessation of sound occurs: diastolic pressure
- brachial artery and popliteal artery are commonly used
▶ major classifications of hypertension. Answer: -primary (essential):
characterized by an increase above normal in both systolic and diastolic
pressures
-secondary : caused by another disease condition like kidney disease,
aorta disorders, or adrenal cortex disorders
, ▶ diuretics. Answer: used to increase urinary output
▶ beta-adrenergic blockers. Answer: to block sympathetic stimulation and
decrease cardiac output
▶ vasodilators and calcium channel blockers. Answer: to relax smooth
muscles of arterioles and decrease peripheral vascular resistance
▶ ACE inhibitors. Answer: to prevent vasoconstriction by angiotensin II
and decrease circulatory fluid volume by reducing aldosterone production
▶ RACE. Answer: R: rescue anyone in immediate danger
A: activate the fire code and notify appropriate person
C: confine the fire by closing doors and windows
E: evacuate patients and other people to a safe area
▶ jaundice causes. Answer: yellowish, itchy skin; bilirubin problem and
liver not functioning properly
▶ eczema. Answer: red, itchy inflammation of the skin; usually develops in
early childhood, more common in people w/ family history; treatment
involves avoiding soap and other irritants and applying creams or ointments
if prescribed
▶ psoriasis. Answer: common skin condition that speeds up the life cycle
of skin cells, cells build up rapidly on surface of skin and extra skin cells
form scales and red patches that are itchy and sometimes painful; chronic,
comes and goes
▶ wound. Answer: a break or disruption in the normal integrity of the skin
and tissues
▶ intentional wound. Answer: the result of planned invasive therapy or
treatment ex. surgery, intravenous procedure
▶ unintentional wound. Answer: are accidental; occur from unexpected
trauma
EXAM QUESTIONS AND COMPLETE
STUDY GUIDE 2026
▶ perfusion. Answer: exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between
circulating blood and tissue cells
▶ eupnea. Answer: normal, unlabored breathing, one respiration to four
heartbeats
▶ tachypnea. Answer: increased respiratory rate; may occur in response
to increased metabolic rate
▶ bradypnea. Answer: decreased respiratory rate; occurs in some
pathologic conditions
▶ apnea. Answer: periods when no breathing occurs
▶ dyspnea. Answer: difficult or labored breathing
▶ orthopnea. Answer: changes in breathing when sitting or standing
▶ assessing blood pressure. Answer: -listening for korotkoff sounds w/
stethoscope
-first sound is systolic
-change or cessation of sound occurs: diastolic pressure
- brachial artery and popliteal artery are commonly used
▶ major classifications of hypertension. Answer: -primary (essential):
characterized by an increase above normal in both systolic and diastolic
pressures
-secondary : caused by another disease condition like kidney disease,
aorta disorders, or adrenal cortex disorders
, ▶ diuretics. Answer: used to increase urinary output
▶ beta-adrenergic blockers. Answer: to block sympathetic stimulation and
decrease cardiac output
▶ vasodilators and calcium channel blockers. Answer: to relax smooth
muscles of arterioles and decrease peripheral vascular resistance
▶ ACE inhibitors. Answer: to prevent vasoconstriction by angiotensin II
and decrease circulatory fluid volume by reducing aldosterone production
▶ RACE. Answer: R: rescue anyone in immediate danger
A: activate the fire code and notify appropriate person
C: confine the fire by closing doors and windows
E: evacuate patients and other people to a safe area
▶ jaundice causes. Answer: yellowish, itchy skin; bilirubin problem and
liver not functioning properly
▶ eczema. Answer: red, itchy inflammation of the skin; usually develops in
early childhood, more common in people w/ family history; treatment
involves avoiding soap and other irritants and applying creams or ointments
if prescribed
▶ psoriasis. Answer: common skin condition that speeds up the life cycle
of skin cells, cells build up rapidly on surface of skin and extra skin cells
form scales and red patches that are itchy and sometimes painful; chronic,
comes and goes
▶ wound. Answer: a break or disruption in the normal integrity of the skin
and tissues
▶ intentional wound. Answer: the result of planned invasive therapy or
treatment ex. surgery, intravenous procedure
▶ unintentional wound. Answer: are accidental; occur from unexpected
trauma
