NUR 283 Comprehensive Exam Complete Review 2026 |
High-Yield Content
1. A nurse is caring for a patient who is agitated and at risk of falling. Which
alternative to restraints could the nurse implement to ensure the patient's
safety while maintaining their dignity?
Using physical restraints
Hourly rounding
Limiting family visitation
Administering sedatives
2. You are managing a patient who is in the healed phase of a diverticulitis flare-
up. You would make which of the following dietary recommendations?
Avoidance of small nuts and seeds.
Increase in protein.
High fiber and low fluid diet.
High fiber with a fiber supplement.
3. Which of the following foods present a problem for a client diagnosed with
Celiac Disease?
oats or barley cereal
coffee or tea
fresh vegetables
butter
4. Which two rhythms are classified as shockable during a cardiac arrest?
, Asystole and normal sinus rhythm
Atrial fibrillation and asystole
Ventricular fibrillation and pulseless ventricular tachycardia
Ventricular tachycardia and bradycardia
5. Which of the following findings indicates early magnesium sulfate toxicity?
Respiratory rate decrease to 8 breaths/minute
Complaints by the client of feeling flushed and warm
Patellar reflexes decrease to a weak +1
Fetal heart rate of 120
6. Describe the factors that can lead to the development of acidosis.
Acidosis is primarily a result of excessive exercise.
Acidosis can develop due to respiratory issues, metabolic disorders,
or kidney dysfunction.
Acidosis is caused solely by dehydration.
Acidosis occurs only in patients with diabetes.
7. Your patient is being treated for a peptic ulcer and is to begin combination
therapy of amoxicillin, metronidazole, and omeprazole. The patient says, 'Are
all these medications really necessary? I've never heard of taking antibiotics
for an ulcer.' What is the most appropriate response?
An organism called H. pylori grows in response to a peptic ulcer, so
the antibiotics are preventing a more serious infection like sepsis. The
omeprazole will reduce the acid secretion, allowing your ulcer to heal
The antibiotics are for preventing an infection if you accidentally
ingest food containing bacteria. The omeprazole reduces acid
, secretion, which means you will not digest food properly.
The antibiotics are for preventing an infection from the omeprazole,
due to its immunosuppressant effects
An organism called H. pylori is commonly responsible for peptic
ulcers, and these antibiotics are necessary to eradicate this bacteria.
The omeprazole will reduce the acid secretion, allowing your ulcer
to heal.
The antibiotics are for preventing a C. difficile infection that is
commonly caused by the omeprazole.
8. What are the four initial interventions for a patient experiencing a myocardial
infarction (MI)?
Administer beta-blockers, perform CPR, and place the patient in a
prone position, and establish oral intake.
Provide fluid resuscitation, administer anticoagulants, and place the
patient in a lateral position, and monitor blood glucose.
Administer morphine, oxygen, and nitroglycerin, place the patient in
semi-Fowler's position, and establish IV access.
Provide aspirin and monitor vital signs, place the patient in a supine
position, and prepare for surgery.
9. What is one important dietary consideration for patients taking lithium?
Avoid all sodium intake while on lithium.
Take lithium on an empty stomach for better absorption.
Take lithium with food to reduce GI distress.
Consume high-protein meals with lithium.
, 10. Why is it important for patients to maintain adequate sodium and fluid intake
while taking lithium?
Fluid intake is irrelevant when taking lithium.
Maintaining adequate sodium and fluid intake helps prevent lithium
toxicity.
Adequate sodium intake increases the effectiveness of lithium.
Sodium intake should be minimized to enhance lithium absorption.
11. The emergency department nurse is caring for a patient who was just arrived
with left anterior chest pain, suggesting possible acute myocardial infarction
(MI). Which action will the nurse take first?
Insert an IV catheter.
Administer oxygen
Auscultate heart sounds.
Draw blood for troponin I measurement.
12. Describe the potential neurological effects of hyponatremia based on its
signs.
Hyponatremia can lead to neurological symptoms such as
confusion, seizures, and coma due to swelling of brain cells.
Hyponatremia has no significant neurological effects.
Hyponatremia primarily affects the digestive system, causing nausea
and vomiting.
Hyponatremia results in increased heart rate and blood pressure.
High-Yield Content
1. A nurse is caring for a patient who is agitated and at risk of falling. Which
alternative to restraints could the nurse implement to ensure the patient's
safety while maintaining their dignity?
Using physical restraints
Hourly rounding
Limiting family visitation
Administering sedatives
2. You are managing a patient who is in the healed phase of a diverticulitis flare-
up. You would make which of the following dietary recommendations?
Avoidance of small nuts and seeds.
Increase in protein.
High fiber and low fluid diet.
High fiber with a fiber supplement.
3. Which of the following foods present a problem for a client diagnosed with
Celiac Disease?
oats or barley cereal
coffee or tea
fresh vegetables
butter
4. Which two rhythms are classified as shockable during a cardiac arrest?
, Asystole and normal sinus rhythm
Atrial fibrillation and asystole
Ventricular fibrillation and pulseless ventricular tachycardia
Ventricular tachycardia and bradycardia
5. Which of the following findings indicates early magnesium sulfate toxicity?
Respiratory rate decrease to 8 breaths/minute
Complaints by the client of feeling flushed and warm
Patellar reflexes decrease to a weak +1
Fetal heart rate of 120
6. Describe the factors that can lead to the development of acidosis.
Acidosis is primarily a result of excessive exercise.
Acidosis can develop due to respiratory issues, metabolic disorders,
or kidney dysfunction.
Acidosis is caused solely by dehydration.
Acidosis occurs only in patients with diabetes.
7. Your patient is being treated for a peptic ulcer and is to begin combination
therapy of amoxicillin, metronidazole, and omeprazole. The patient says, 'Are
all these medications really necessary? I've never heard of taking antibiotics
for an ulcer.' What is the most appropriate response?
An organism called H. pylori grows in response to a peptic ulcer, so
the antibiotics are preventing a more serious infection like sepsis. The
omeprazole will reduce the acid secretion, allowing your ulcer to heal
The antibiotics are for preventing an infection if you accidentally
ingest food containing bacteria. The omeprazole reduces acid
, secretion, which means you will not digest food properly.
The antibiotics are for preventing an infection from the omeprazole,
due to its immunosuppressant effects
An organism called H. pylori is commonly responsible for peptic
ulcers, and these antibiotics are necessary to eradicate this bacteria.
The omeprazole will reduce the acid secretion, allowing your ulcer
to heal.
The antibiotics are for preventing a C. difficile infection that is
commonly caused by the omeprazole.
8. What are the four initial interventions for a patient experiencing a myocardial
infarction (MI)?
Administer beta-blockers, perform CPR, and place the patient in a
prone position, and establish oral intake.
Provide fluid resuscitation, administer anticoagulants, and place the
patient in a lateral position, and monitor blood glucose.
Administer morphine, oxygen, and nitroglycerin, place the patient in
semi-Fowler's position, and establish IV access.
Provide aspirin and monitor vital signs, place the patient in a supine
position, and prepare for surgery.
9. What is one important dietary consideration for patients taking lithium?
Avoid all sodium intake while on lithium.
Take lithium on an empty stomach for better absorption.
Take lithium with food to reduce GI distress.
Consume high-protein meals with lithium.
, 10. Why is it important for patients to maintain adequate sodium and fluid intake
while taking lithium?
Fluid intake is irrelevant when taking lithium.
Maintaining adequate sodium and fluid intake helps prevent lithium
toxicity.
Adequate sodium intake increases the effectiveness of lithium.
Sodium intake should be minimized to enhance lithium absorption.
11. The emergency department nurse is caring for a patient who was just arrived
with left anterior chest pain, suggesting possible acute myocardial infarction
(MI). Which action will the nurse take first?
Insert an IV catheter.
Administer oxygen
Auscultate heart sounds.
Draw blood for troponin I measurement.
12. Describe the potential neurological effects of hyponatremia based on its
signs.
Hyponatremia can lead to neurological symptoms such as
confusion, seizures, and coma due to swelling of brain cells.
Hyponatremia has no significant neurological effects.
Hyponatremia primarily affects the digestive system, causing nausea
and vomiting.
Hyponatremia results in increased heart rate and blood pressure.
